SEX STUDIES VII. CYSTIC DEGENERATION OF THE OVARIES. 69 



The whole question of the correct interpretation of abnor- 

 maHties of sex ibeh'avior in cattle is a difficult one. There is a 

 lack of precise information collected by competent be^haviorists 

 either in regard to the nOirmail or the albnormal behavior. It is 

 not at all impossible that all of the behavior Avhich has been 

 called nymphomania in cattle is really not the equivalent O'f 

 the behavior so designated in women, but is rather an assump- 

 tion, in greater o.r less degree, of the made sex behavior. 



In any case great caution must be used in drawing conclu- 

 sions regarding the relation between secondary sexual charac- 

 ters and primary -sex organs from behavior data. Such data 

 probably have but little, if any, critical value in this connection, 

 because of the facts : ( i ) That the vicarious assumption in 

 greater or less degree of the copuiaitory 'behavior of. the other 

 sex is O'f wide-spread and fairly frequent occurrence among 

 higher vertebrates, particularly the domestic animals. (2) That 

 such changes of behavior are as likely to be associated with an 

 increased ■physiologicail tonus or activity of the gonads as with 

 a decreased tonus or activity. !Much current discussion of tlie 

 proiblem of secondar}'- sexual characters is extremely uncritical, 

 in that it overlooks or disregards comjpletely these facts, which 

 are well known to students of the comparative psychology of 

 sex and tO' those who, from long experience, are intimately 

 familiar with the ibehavior of higher animals. 



In the ipresenit case we are inclined to the view that the cow's 

 sex behavior really changed to that of a male, coincidently with 

 the 'physical dhanges already described. We would not, how- 

 ever, lay much stress upon the point for the reasons above 

 indicated. 



Inje;ction of Pituitary Body (Anterior Lobe) Substance. 



Before this cow was killed for autopsy it was thought desira- 

 ble to deterimine whether by treatment of the animal with the 

 substance of some endocrinal gland it might be possible to bring 

 about a change in its sex behavior or in the external sex char- 

 acters (udder, etc.). After careful consideration of the matter 

 it was decided to try in this connection the substance of the 

 anterior lohe of ithe pituitary body. The reason for this choice 

 was the known connection betTA^een the pituitary body and the 



