APPLE SPRAYING EXPERIMENTS IN I914.' 185 



The most serious leaf injury of all was obtained on plot 6, 

 although, as has already been stated, the amount of Soluble 

 Sulphur in 1914 was reduced to three-fourths pound to 50 

 gallons of water. Not only was this leaf injury more severe, 

 but this injury occurred much earlier where Soluble Sulphur 

 was applied than anywhere else, being first observed on June 6 

 before the second application of the sprays. At this time a 

 considerable number of the leaves had turned brown at the 

 edges and brown circular spots had begun to appear on various, 

 parts of them. 



This injury increased very rapidly, and was followed by par- 

 tial defoliation of the trees. On June 18, 10 days after the 

 second application, the ground under these trees was from one- 

 third to one-half covered with fallen leaves. By the last of 

 June it was estimated that at least one-third of all of the leaves 

 on the trees sprayed with Soluble Sulphur had fallen. The 

 more severely injured leaves continued to fall gradually through 

 July, but defoliation had largely ceased by the first week in 

 August. The total leaf-fall early in the season undoubtedly 

 amounted to considerably over 50 per cent of the foliage present 

 at the time of the last application, but growth later in the season 

 made this somewhat less apparent. 



No russeting of the fruit was observed on the Soluble Sul- 

 phur plot during the season. 



Severe foliage injury also occurred on the plot sprayed with 

 the copper-lime-sulphur. It did not begin quite so soon as 

 where Soluble Sulphur was used but was nearly as severe. It 

 differed from the injury produced by the latter in that it first 

 appeared as more of a spotting and less of a burning of the 

 margins of the leaves. Also rapid defoliation did not occur so 

 early in the season but the final outcome in this last respect was 

 nearly the same. The injury caused by the copper-lime-sulphur 

 more closely resembled that produced by bordeaux mixture. 



In another respect the eflrect of the copper-lime-sulphur 

 spray was similar to that of bordeaux mixture. Injury to the 

 fruit was noted when the latter was quite small, which developed 

 into a marked russeting later in the season. 



What was thought to be a slight burning of the margins of 

 the leaves was noted on plot 10 after the first application of 

 the stronger lime-sulphur, although nothing of the kind was 



