74 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. I915. 

 PUTTING APPLE JUICi; IN BARRELS 



When practicable, it is a good plan to store the freshly pressed 

 apple juice in some large receptacle and allow it to stand a few 

 days, before putting it into barrels. In this way considerable 

 solid matter held in suspension will settle before the liquid is 

 placed in casks. The casks used should be well cleaned, thot- 

 oughly treated with live steam or boiling water, and should not 

 be over two-thirds or three-fourths filled with apple juice. The 

 bung should be left out, but a loose plug of cotton may be placed 

 in the hole to decrease evaporation and prevent dirt falling iii. 

 The bung should be left out lintil 4.5 to 5.0 per cent of acetic 

 acid has formed. 



MANAGEMENT OF ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION 



When the freshly pressed apple juice is at once placed in 

 ordinary cellars, where the temperature during winter does not 

 go below 45 degrees or 50 degrees F., the alcoholic fermentation 

 is complete in about six months, assuming that the work is be- 

 gun in October or November; though 80 to 90 per cent of the 

 alcohol is formed in half this time or less. By having the fer- 

 mentation take place at a temperature of 65 degrees to 70 de- 

 grees F., the time can be considerably reduced ; however it is 

 not desirable to have the alcoholic fermentation take place 

 much above 70 degrees F., since the loss of alcohol by evapora- 

 tion is increased. By the addition of yeast to the fresh apple 

 juice, the fermentation can be completed in three months or 

 less, especially if the temperature is near 65 degrees or 70 degrees 

 F. It is suggested that one Fleischmann's compressed yeast 

 cake, or an equivalent, may be used for five gallons of apple 

 juice, if one desires to use yeast. The yeast cake is stirred 

 with a cup of water and after complete disintegration is mixed 

 with the juice. Whatever form of yeast is used, it should be 

 fresh. \'inegar or '"mother" should never be added to apple 

 juice. 



