APHID COXTRQL. 



Shade or ornamental trees can be protected frequently from serious 

 aphid attacks by keeping watch from year to year. This is especially 

 desirable while trees are young. Later it is more diiificult, but the dam- 

 age is not usually as serious on large well established trees. 



From small or isolated trees the galls of gall forming species can 

 sometimes be collected by hand before the aphides leave them, thus 

 lessening the trouble in that vicinity for another year. 



Species inhabiting the trunk of large branches can be destroyed in 

 great numbers by using a brush dipped in any of the spray solutions 

 ordinarily used for aphides. 



Tips of branches bearing leaves which have been curled by aphides 

 can be dipped into a tobacco decoction long enough for the solution to 

 penetrate. Such a method as this is of course only applicable for a few 

 treasured plants or small trees. 



In recent years tobacco extracts have rapidly taken the place of other 

 sprays for aphides, and well informed apple growers are using them 

 almost to the exclusion of other insecticides. It should be remembered 

 that this is a contact insecticide and kills only the insects actually 

 touched. It is, therefore, necessary to be very thorough in the spraying 

 Formula — Tobacco Decoction. 



Tobacco stems or tobacco dust 2 pounds. 



Water 4 gallons. 



Put the tobacco in the water, enough to cover, which may be either 

 cold or hot. Place over the fire and when the water has reached the 

 boiling point, remove some of the fire and allow the water to simply 

 simmer for fully one hour, when the liquid is ready to be drained off, 

 diluted to the above proportions and applied. Boiling violently drives 

 off the nicotine. 



If whole-leaf tobacco is used, prepare as above, using one pound of 

 tobacco to each four gallons of water. 



Xo lime or other alkaline substance should be added to the tobacco 

 while cooking. Apply at once or wnthin a few days after making, if 

 possible. 



Certain reliable extracts such as "Black Leaf," "Black Leaf 40," and 

 ''Nikoteen" are on the market and can be secured through local drug- 

 gists. The Black Leaf preparations are manufactured bj^ The Kentucky 

 Tobacco Product Company, Louisville, Ky., and are carried by the Col- 

 lins Hardware Company, 97 Friend St., Boston, Mass. Nikoteen is 

 manufactured by The Nicotine Manufacturing Company, St. Louis, Mo., 

 and can be secured from Joseph Brick & Sons, 47-54 N. Market St., 

 Boston, Mass. 



