Pupae of Some Maine Species of Notodontoidea 35 



furrow usually present on the dorsum of the abdomen 

 between the ninth and tenth segments ; caudal margin 

 of mesonotum never with a row of deep pits with smooth 

 tubercle-like areas between. Geometridae. 



bb. Maxillae seldom exceeding three-fifths the length of 

 the wings, if so, then the caudal margin of the meso- 

 thorax with a row of deep pits with smooth, elevated 

 quadrangular, tubercle-like areas between them, or 

 with the entire body surface coarsely punctate ; ab- 

 dominal spiracles of the third segment never concealed 

 by the wings, and those of the sixth never farther 

 ■ventrad than the remainder ; prothoracic femora never 

 exposed ; a furrow never present on the dorsum of the 

 abdomen between the ninth and tenth segments except 

 in Datana where the cremaster is of the type shown in 

 Fig. 5, E to H. Notodontidac 



aa. Metathoracic wings meeting on the meson caudad of the 

 mesothoracic legs, and visible along the caudal margin 

 of the mesothoracic wings. Platypterygidae. 



Family GEOMETRIDAE. 



The pupae of this family are, with a few exceptions, less 

 than an inch in length. The majority of species are about half 

 an inch long. They are either found suspended from leaves 

 with the cremaster fastened in a mat of silk, much as the chry- 

 salids of butterflies, or they may be found in thin cocoons at- 

 tached to a leaf, or in a cell in the groimd. The legs are longer 

 than is usual in lepidopterous pupae, the prothoracic legs usu- 

 ally three-fourths the length of the wings ; the mesothoracic 

 legs normally reaching the caudal margin of the wings, or only 

 separated by a very short distance. This is the best single 

 character to separate the pupae of Geometridae from those of 

 the other families. The epicranial suture is present in a very 

 few genera. The labial palpi are sometimes exposed as small 

 triangular or polygonal areas caudad of the labrum. The pro- 

 thoracic leg and occasionitUy the mesothoracic also, extends 

 cephalad between the sculptured eye-piece and the antenna. The 

 femur of the prothoracic leg is sometimes exposed, often only 

 a very narrow portion, which might easily be overlooked. The 



