The Currant Fruit Fly. 245 

 Index 



Page 



INTRODUCTION „ _ 



SYSTEMATIC POSITION _ _ _ „ 177 



Common name _ _ _ _ _ „ 178 



General description of adult 178 



Technical description of adult _ _ 178 



DISTRIBUTION AND DESTRUCTIVENESS _ _. 178 



Canada _ _ . 179 



Un i ted States _ „ .'..„ 179 



Maine ..._ _ „ _ _... 181 



Native host plants ..._ __ _ _ _ _.._ 182 



Destructiveness to cultivated fruits _ _ _ 182 



LIFE HISTORY _ _ _ _ _ 183 



Historical - _ _.._ „ 183 



Egg and larval periods under laboratory conditions.- „ 183 



Egg and larval periods under field conditions „ _ 185 



Period between dropping of fruit and exit of larvae...- 186 



Cracked fruit „ 188 



Infested unfertilized berries - _ _ _ 189 



Process of oviposition - 190 



Time required in process of oviposition - - _ 191 



Egg chamber _ _ -... 192 



Number of eggs in egg chamber , - 192 



Number of egg chambers in fruit 192 



Premature ripening 193 



Mortality of eggs and larvae „ 193 



Feeding habits of larvae _ 194 



Respiratory pore _ _ - „ _ — .. 195 



Exit hole - - _.. - - 195 



Jumping habit of larvae - _ 195 



Pupal period _ 197 



Emergence of adults _ - - 197 



Dates of emergence of adults - _ 197 



Sexual maturity 200 



Mating period _ - „ _ 201 



Preovi posit ion period _ _ 201 



Egg- laying period _ „ _... 203 



Number of ripe eggs in ovaries 204 



Number of ovarioles in ovaries - 204 



Daily rate of oviposition . - 205 



Longevity of adults _ _ - _ 206 



One brood only _ — — - 207 



Summary of duration of stages in life history _ — 209 



HABITS AND BEHAVIOR OF ADULTS _ 209 



Feeding habits _.-._ - -..- 209 



Starvation experiments _ 209 



Inactiveness on cold days — . 210 



Adults seek shade - - _ - - 210 



Effect of sunshine _ - - — 212 



Death feint _ _ _ — - 212 



Marking flies _ - — 212 



Flight of marked flies 213 



N ATU RAL EN EMI ES - _ - - - 216 



Spiders - -■ 216 



Toads - -- 216 



Fungus disease — - - — — ^" 



METHODS OF CONTROL _ - 218 



218 



~ " " 221 



Destruction of infested fruit . 

 Removal of soil under bushes 



Sifting puparia 



from soil - - - fr? 



Stirring the soil - - - - - 



Effect of chemicals on or in soil — - - 



Use of oils to trap adults -.- - - 



Fowls - - •—-■.- " " ^oo 



I _*.„ .,:.,l..;«^ */.^ .nTniH maorcrntv frnit - ■ ^^7 



_ 230 



Late picking to avoid maggoty fruit 



Poisoned bait spray 



Are honey bees poisoned? 

 Summary 



224 

 226 

 227 

 228 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



240 

 240 



243 



