104 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. I9OI. 



"Emergency Ration. Field service. This ration is not to be 

 opened except by order of an officer, or in extremity. It is to be 

 carried in the haversack and produced at inspections, etc. lhe 

 ration is calculated to maintain strength for 36 hours if eaten 

 in small quantities at a time." (Upon one end of the can) 

 ''Basis Meat Extractives and Albuminoids. May be used dry 

 with or without biscuits, or as a soup one-fourth part boiled for 

 15 minutes in one pint of water." (On the other end of the 

 can) "Chocolate Basis. The contents may be used dry, or one- 

 fourth boiled in one pint of water. Bovril, Limited, London." 



The Bovril goods, the Standard Emergency Rations, and 

 Arctic Food may for convenience be classed together. It may 

 be said of them all that they appear to be good articles and when 

 prepared according to directions would probably furnish appe- 

 tizing dishes, subject, of course, to the limitations common to all 

 canned goods. The emergency rations 6327 and 6328 are 

 "calculated to maintain strength for 36 hours if eaten in small 

 quantities at a time." Xo direct claim of the kind is made for 

 the other Bovril goods, though the statement that the Red 

 Ration Cartridge (6323 and 6325) is "recommended to be used 

 on alternate days with the Blue Ration Cartridge" (6324 and 

 6326), seems to imply that each of these cartridges is sufficient 

 for a day. The package containing the Standard Emergency 

 Ration, 6332, is said to contain "enough palatable food and 

 drink to sustain one man for one day under all conditions." 

 The Standard Emergency, (6333), is said to be sufficient for two 

 hearty meals. These claims may very properly be considered 

 here. 



Various estimates have been made as to man's daily needs. 

 These estimates have been based either upon a study of the daily 

 waste of the body, or upon direct nutrition experiments, in 

 which the daily food has been gradually reduced until a main- 

 tenance ration has been struck. While these estimates must 

 vary not only with the individual, but with the habits and other 

 conditions of the subject, an average may be fixed upon which 

 is sufficiently exact for our present purposes. Of the standards 

 given, those of Moleschott in Germany and Atwater in this 

 country are perhaps as frequently quoted as any. 



