AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 129 



The larvae we transformed went into the papa state the I 

 June and the moths appeared in July. As the moths are on the 

 wing in July the eggs must be laid in the summer or fall, and as 

 the larvae are apparently nearly grown and have done much dam- 

 age early in June the eggs must hatch very early or else the larva 

 hyberuate. When this insect was considered in 1888 we did not 

 have the writings of Mr. James Fletcher, who expresses the 

 opinion in his Report for 1885, p. 24, as Entomologist to the 

 Dept. of Agric. of Canada, that it passes the winter in the larva 

 state on the branches of apple trees, protected by a covering of 

 silk. Since the above was written there has appeared from the 

 pen of Prof. Fernald in Bull. No. 12, April, 1890, Mass. Expt. 

 Station an interesting article upon this insect. 



This article contains such an exhaustive and careful study of 

 the egg and larval stages we quote that portion of it verbatim. 



"The fore wings expand about three-fifths of an inch. The 

 head, thorax, and basal third of the fore wings, and also the 

 outer edge and fringe are dark ash gray, the middle of the fore 

 wings is cream white, marked more or less with costal streaks of 

 gray, and in some specimens this part is ashy gray, but little 

 lighter than the base. Just before the anal angle are two short 

 horizontal black dashes followed by a vertical streak of lead-blue, 

 and there are three or four similar black dashes before the apex, 

 also followed by a streak of lead-blue. 



The hind wings above and below and the abdomen are ashy 

 gray. The under side of the fore wings is darker, and has a 

 series of light costal streaks on the outer part. 



The moths pair and the female lays her eggs, when in confine- 

 ment, in clusters of from four to ten or eleven, often overlapping 

 each other. They are oval, flattened, four-fifths of a millimeter 

 long, and half as wide, sordid white, with a narrow border of 

 clear and transparent white, while the center of the eggs is one 

 complete mass of minute granules. In about three days the cen- 

 ter of the egg has grown darker, and the granules larger ; and on 

 either side there is a clear, white, oval space about one third the 

 length of the egg. In about two days more the outer edge of 

 the center is the same color as in the last stage, and inside this 

 is a narrow, lighter band, while in the center is seen the form of 

 a cylindrical larva larger at one end, and both ends slightly 

 curved towards each other; and in one or two days more the 

 whole form of the larva is visible, the head, thoracic and anal 



iv 4 



