Animal Husbandry Investigations in 1919. 



271 



TABLE 6. 



Correlation between Conformation and Milk Yield. 



Characters Correlated 



Correlation 

 Coefficient 



Correlation 

 Coefficient 



P.C.r 



Milk yield and Total score 



Milk yield and Milk veins — Large, tortuous and elastic 



Milk yield and Udder — Large size and not fleshy 



Milk yield and Udder— Rear udder well rounded, and well 

 out and up behind 



Milk yield and Body— Wedge shape y with deep, large 

 paunch, legs proportionate to size and 

 of fine quality 



Milk yield and General Appearance — Symmetrical balanc- 

 ing of all the parts, and a proportion 

 of parts to each other, depending up- 

 on size of animal, with the general 

 appearance of a high-class animal, 

 with capacity for food and produc- 

 tiveness at pail 



Milk yield and Body— Thighs flat and well cut out 



Milk yield and Body — Rump long to tail-setting and 

 level from hip-bones to rump-bones 



Milk yield and Udder — Fore udder full and well rounded 

 running well forward of front teats 



Milk yield and Teats — Of good and uniform length and 

 size, regularly and squarely placed 



Milk yield and Head — Medium size, lean; face duhed; 

 broad between eyes and narrow be- 

 tween horns 



Milk yield and Tail — Thin, long, with good switch, not 

 coarse at setting on 



Milk yield and Udder— Broad, level or spherical, not 

 deeply cut between teats 



Milk yield and Size— Mature cows, 800 to 1,000 pounds 



Milk yield and Body— Hip-bones high and wide apart; 

 loins broad, strong 



Milk yield and Neck — Thin, rather long, with clean 

 throat: thin at withers 



Milk yield and Head — Eyes full and placid; horns small 

 to medium, incurving; muzzle broad, 

 with muscular lips; strong under jaw 



Milk yield and Body — Lung capacity, as indicated by 

 depth and breadth through body, just 

 back of fore legs 



Milk yield and Body — Back straight to hip-bones 



0.1941±.0160 

 0.1908+.0160 

 0.1906±.0160 



O.1710H-.0161 



0.1657±.0161 



12.13 

 11.93 

 11.91 



0.n47H-.0164 

 0.0885zt:.0164 



6.99 

 5.4U 



0.0862+.0165 



5.22 



0.0777±.0165 



4.71 



0.067l±.0165 



4.07 



0.0671+.0165 



4.07 



0.0634±.0165 



3.84 



U.0615-K0165 

 0.0611±.0165 



3.72 

 3.70 



0.0589±.0165 



3.57 



0.0499±.0165 



3.02 



0.0419±.0165 



2.54 



0.0222+.0166 

 -0.0697±.0165 



1.34 

 4.22 



to milk production of the cow were the milk veins, size and 

 condition of udder, the size and shape of rear udder, the shape 

 and size of barrel and the general appearance of the cow. 



These correlation coefficients are on the whole quite low- 

 In this connection it is of interest to compare the relative value 

 of correlation coefficients with those for actual milk yields over 

 short periods. The problem may be stated thus. 



a. What is the relation between the milk production of a 

 short period (say y days) in a lactation and that for the whole 

 lactation ? 



