CHERMES OF MAINE CONIFERS. 299 



Apterous oviparous form on larch. 

 On August I, 1909, apterous oviparous forms in woolly mass 

 on larch twigs were common. Although the connection was 

 not traced I believe these to be consolidatus Fig. 126 was drawn 

 from one of this collection. 



Chermes floccus Patch. 



Like Chermes pinifoliae Fitch, this species develops in galls 

 on black and red spruce and migrates to the needles of the 

 white pine to oviposite. Both the galls and the insects, how- 

 ever, of these two species are too distinct to be in any respect 

 confused. 



These galls (tig. 134) were first collected on black spruce at 

 Orono, July lo, 1909. They resemble galls of similis Gillette 

 but are more compact and better formed than any galls of 

 similis which were taken this season in Maine. The}' occurred 

 in great numbers in this vicinity on red and black spruce. They 

 are terminal and comprise the total deformed shoot. In length 

 they vary from about -4- to i| inches. The surface of the gall 

 is green in some while some have a dark purple tinge near the 

 base of each needle, giving the gall a purple cast. The needles 

 of the gall are not much dwarfed and are a normal spruce green. 

 Figs. 135 and 136 give cross and longitudinal sections of this 

 gall. 



On account of the loose structure of the gall, syrphus mag- 

 gots were very abundant within, feeding on the Chermes nymphs. 



The pupa remains within the gall until after the last molt 

 and the winged migrant emerges ready for flight. 



Pupa. (Fig. 112). Described from specimen removed from 

 gall shortly before the last molt. Length of body about 1.8 mm. 

 Head, antennae, wing pads and legs dark or dusky, prothorax 

 and abdomen rather dull reddish, thorax yellowish red and 

 paler than abdomen. Entire body pulverulent. Wax gland 

 areas on prothorax, thorax and abdomen arc plainly located 

 under a Zeiss binocular, by warty appearance of live specimen. 

 These areas are: head with 2 large anterior and 2 larger pos- 

 terior groups; prothorax with prominent lateral groups, also 

 2 small median anterior groups and 2 large posterior groups; 

 mesothorax with prominent lateral areas, large median groups 



