TIEE CHINCH BUG IN MAINE. . 47 



othy field by the width of the public road. The bugs were found 

 beneath the debris collected in a brush heap by the road side, 

 beneath the dead cedar twigs and leaves under one or two young 

 cedars growing in the fence and in clumps of rushes {} uncus) 

 growing- in a moist situation in the pasture. In the rushes the 

 bugs were crowded among the bases of the stems, working their 

 way even lower down than the surface of the ground. One 

 clump about six inches in diameter was cut out an inch or so 

 below the surface of the ground and picked to pieces and found 

 to contain one hundred and fifty-six bugs. On December 14th 

 ten bugs were taken from beneath a strip of bark lying on the 

 ground and twenty-two from a Juncns clump six inches in 

 diameter. 



The melting snow and the rains of the last week in December 

 flooded all except one edge of the Juncus patch. The sudden 

 cold of the first days of January froze the water over this area 

 three or four inches thick. The water beneath the ice then set- 

 tled away, leaving an air space. The rain of January 21st and 

 22nd, together with the melting snow, filled this space and then 

 overflowed through openings about the Juncus clumps. Through 

 these openings chinch bugs were washed out and left stranded 

 on the surface of the ice as the water flowed away. During the 

 afternoon of January 23rd sixty-eight such bugs were picked 

 up ofif the ice. All were making feeble leg movements, strong 

 enough in some cases to cause very slow progression. Fifty- 

 three of these bugs were short-winged. (See Experiment 6.) 

 On the morning of the same day thirty-two long-winged forms 

 and two short-winged forms were taken from beneath a flat log 

 frozen to the ground. All were thickly covered with frost 

 crystals and made no responsive movements when picked up, 

 but all became active after being in the laboratory a few moments. 

 (See Experiment 5.) 



On the 27th of January rain washed more bugs out onto the 

 ice. Many of these were frozen into the ice during the two 

 following days, during which the maximum temperature did 

 not rise above 13° On January 29th six of these frozen bugs, 

 all short-winged, were chopped out of the ice and slowly thawed 

 out. None of them gave any signs of life. On the same day 

 ten long-winged and one short-winged forms were taken from 

 among leaves beneath a loosely attached board. When thawed 



