the; hawkweeds. 115 



the greenhouse and a considerable number of young hawk- 

 weed plants at once sprang up. 



The plant is now, unfortunately, so well known as to need 

 little description. The concise account given by Professor 

 Harvey in a previous bulletin is, however, repeated; 'Stem 

 simple, erect, nearly leafless, one to two feet high, clothed with 

 hairs, those at the top of the stem black at the base. Leaves 

 mostly at the roots, oblong-lanceolate, toothed, hairy on. both 

 sides and without a petiole. The conspicuous heads of oranga 

 colored flowers in a flat -topped cluster at the end of the stem. 

 Heads composed of numerous small orange colored flowers, 

 each one of which produces at its base a small dark brown, 

 ten-ribbed seed-like fruit, with dirty white hairlike bristles at 

 the top.'* 



TREATMENT. 



This plant is one of our worst weeds and is without one re- 

 deeming feature. It kills all of the grass in its vicinity with its 

 dense mat of leaves and it is of itself of no use as hay. The 

 only certain remedy for it is clean culture in some hoed crop. 

 By this means, however, it may readily be held in check ; as it 

 has been in several instances on the Station farm. The early 

 and frequent cutting of infested patches of grass may prevent 

 the formation of seed, but has no effect upon the formation of 

 runners. 



Numerous attempts have been made to destroy this weed by 

 applications of salt,t kerosene, etc. All experience at this 

 Station, however, but emphasizes the statement before made, 

 viz., that clean culture is a certain method, and the only certain 

 method of extermination. Every intelligent and progressive 

 farmer will on the first appearance of this pest take active 

 means of checking its spread. 



THE KING-DEVIL WEED. 



Sometimes associated with the hawkw^eed is a closely related 

 species known as the King-Devil Weed {Hieraciicin prealtuni). 



*Harvey, Bui. 32. Maine Exp. Sta. Jan. 1897. 

 tjones, Bui. 56— Vermont Exp. Sta. 



