10G 



MAINE STATE COLLEGE 



be that the poison lodging in the calyx, had destroyed the larvae 

 attempting to enter that end. while those entering the side or base 

 escaped. The larvae of the second brood were also exempt. 



It was observed that a large proportion of the fruits infe -ted, 

 had been attacked by the second brood, and the larva? were still 

 present. To spray for this later brood is hardly practicable, but 

 if the earlier brood is held in check, there will be less trouble from 

 the later. 



In many cases the casual observer would attribute injury to the 

 codling moth, when in reality it is due to another insect — a species 

 of crambus. The larva of this moth is smaller than that of the 

 codling moth, and works only in the calyx. This insect was quite 

 abundant the past season and rendered the work of examination 

 for the codling larvae more difficult. 



5. Is Sprayed F: itt Unwholesome? The objection is fre- 

 quently raised that fruit which has been sprayed is unsafe for 



food ; that enough poison will adhere to render the fruit dangerous 

 to health. The matter has attracted some attention in England 

 recently, and there has been an outcry against American apples. 

 One writer in the Horticultural Times of London, is quoted as say- 

 ing : "If the American apple as it comes from the vessel is care- 

 fully rubbed with the finger, it will be seen that a fine, delicate 

 powder is in most cases removed. This is the arsenic adhering to 

 the skin." ( '. j 



There certainly is no doubt that fruit from which a coating 

 of arsenic may be rubbed, would be very unwholesome. The 

 objection is not valid, however, as the fine, white powder is 

 'not Paris green. A large part of the fruit sent from this state 

 is shipped in empty flour barrels : a fact which doubtless ace aunts 

 for the fine, delicate powder on the fruit referred to. I have yet 

 to see the fruit which at maturity showed any visible effects of 

 spraying, unless it were comparative freedom from worminess. 



The charge as to the unwholesome character of sprayed fruit has 

 frequently been refuted, and it is only necessary to call attention 

 to the amount applied, to render further argument unnecessary. 

 The strongest mixture recommended is 1 pound to 200 gallons 

 water. (If carefully applied there is little doubt that 1 pound to 

 250 gallons is strong enough.) If we apply two gallons of the 

 mixture to a single tree, we should use approximately 1-100 of 

 a pound, or 70 grains of the poison on the whole tree at each 

 application. The fruits are so small at the time of spraying that 



