68 



MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. I9O4. 



THE BRAN. 



The diagram shows as refuses from the manufacture of entire 

 wheat flour and straight flour 15 pounds of bran. Are these 

 materials similar, or do they differ so as not to be comparable? 

 Are they bran in the botanical sense, as used in the beginning of 

 this paper, or are they bran in the commercial sense, in that they 

 include materials other than the true wheat coverings ? 



In milling experiments with No. 1 hard northwestern wheat, 

 the wheat and the resultant brans analyzed as follows : 



THE COMPOSITION OF HARD WHEAT USED IN MILLING TESTS, 

 AND OP BRAN RECOVERED IN MANUFACTURE OF ENTIRE 

 WHEAT FLOUR AND PATENT FLOUR. 



0. 



J- 





53 



CD 



O 





Carbohydrates 





§■2 

 Be 



•J a 



11 



0>2 

 S5 3> 



"tj 







Per ct 



Per ct. 



Per ct. 



Per ct. 



Per ct. 



Per ct. 



6892 



Cleaned wheat ( Bran 6894) 



9.41 



13.63 



2. 33 



2.39 



70.33 



1.91 



6270 





11.19 



13.75 



2.43 



1.96 



69.02 



1.65 



6894 



Bran from entire wheat flour 



8.43 



15.63 



5.06 



9.67 



55.56 



5.65 



6281 



Bran from straight flour made 

 from Wheat No. 6270 



10.11 



15.50 



4.94 



10.07 



53.06 



6.31 













The bran, so far as chemical analyses show, are as nearly iden- 

 tical as two brans from the same kind of milling and the same 

 wheat would be likely to run. Under the microscope they 

 equally resemble each other. This agreement in composition of 

 bran produced in milling entire wheat flour and straight or pat- 

 ent flour is only what one would expect, since the processes of 

 manufacture are so similar. 



The nitrogen content of these brans is greater than that of 

 the wheat from which they are derived, which indicates that they 

 contain much more than the outer woody coverings of the berry 

 and are, therefore, brans in the commercial, and not in the botan- 

 ical, sense. Moreover, a microscopic examination reveals the 

 presence of large numbers of the characteristic square cells of 

 the aleurone layer. 



