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The Geology of the Hundred of 

 Munno Para. 



paet i.— the newee teetiaey eocks. 



By Gavin Scoular, Corresponding Member. 



Prefatory Eemarks. 



The Hundred of Munno Para, which has its southern 

 boundary about fourteen miles north of the South Australian 

 capital, comprises, in rough numbers, an area of about 120 

 square miles. It is bounded on the west by the Hundred of 

 Port Adelaide ; on the north by the Gawler Eiver and Hun- 

 dred of Nuriootpa ; on the north-east by the South Para ; on 

 the east by Tenafeate and Little Garden Creeks ; on the south- 

 east by Gould's Creek ; and on the south by the Little Para 

 Eiver. 



In descending order, the geology of the entire hundred may 

 be summed up as follows : — First, recent Alluvium and 

 Travertine; secondly, the Drift or Pliocene, occupying, 

 superficially, nearly three-fourths of the whole area ; thirdly, 

 Upland Tertiaries, generally believed to be of Miocene age ; 

 fourthly, the Fundamental Socks. The Miocene and Ftmda- 

 mental Mocks will be dealt with on a future occasion. 



Superficial Accumulations. 



As in many parts over the earth's surface, the most recent 

 geological deposits throughout the district are found on th.e flats 

 of creeks and rivulets, and in other tracts within the district, 

 where causation formerly, or now, exists favourable to collect 

 water-borne material of alluvial character. Collectively the 

 alluvial deposits of the district occupy an area only of a few 

 hundred acres. 



Wind an Agent of Transport. — Another prime agent of 

 transport carrying on, at present, and through all time, over 

 the land surface, a redeposition of the incoherent material we 

 find spread over the surface of the country, which cannot be 

 overlooked, more especially in such a climate as ours, is the 

 action of winds. As proof of this assertion I might here refer 

 the incredulous in this particular to an early inspection of the 

 tiny sand-drive accumulated to the leeward of the small grass 

 tussock, and those of more stately proportions bestuding the 



