LARD FROM WILD AND DOMESTIC PHILIPPINE HOGS 

 AND THE CHANGES IN THE CONSTANTS PRO- 

 DUCED BY FEEDING COPRA CAKE. 



By H. D. Gibbs and F. Agcaoili. 

 (From the Laboratory for the Investigation of Foods and Drugs, Bureau of Science.) , 



During the examination of lards found upon this market in the search 

 for violations of the Food and Drugs Act, some samples came to 

 our notice which had remarkably low refractive indices and iodine 

 absorption (Hanus) numbers and high saponification (Koettstorfer) 

 numbers. This, in connection with the other constants, led to the 

 suspicion that coconut oil had been used as an adulterant. No crystals 

 characteristic of mixed cholesterol and phytosterol could, however, be 

 obtained. It was suggested to us that perhaps coconut cake or coconut 

 meal was used as a feed for the hogs and that the constants were thus 

 influenced. A claim to this effect was in fact made to us by one firm. 



As a consequence an investigation was undertaken to determine how 

 much the lard constants might be affected by feeding copra cake and 

 whether a ration containing copra cake could satisfactorily be used here 

 for fattening hogs. 



The growing of coconuts is one of the most important industries of 

 the Philippine Islands, and during the fiscal year 1909 the quantity 

 of copra exported was 105,564,781 kilos valued at $6,657,710 dollars 

 United States currency. Very little oil is expressed in the Islands. 

 The copra cake upon this market contains from 7 to 15 per cent of 

 coconut oil. If the climatic and other conditions are such that copra 

 cake can be utilized as a food for hogs and cattle in the Philippines, it 

 should prove to be a cheap fattening material. While the experiments 

 so far conducted indicate that its use in small quantities in the ration 

 produced good results in the fattening of hogs, and a profitable use for 

 copra cake, further experiments upon hogs and cattle should be conducted 

 in the Philippine Islands. 



It is well known that the character of the fats fed to a growing animal 

 more or less affects the character of the fat of the animal. A full-grown 

 animal on being given a sufficient amount of food after a long period 



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