PHILIPPINE POTTERY. 



14' 



Bihan and began experimenting with clays from various deposits, includ- 

 ing one at Muntinlupa. He built a kiln at San Pedro Tunasan and was 

 joined by K. Kato. 



They use principally alluvial clays, but some of their better ware is made 

 from white Calamba clays. Metallic oxide glazes are employed and the product 

 includes flowerpots of ornamental design, water jars with faucets and filters, 

 vases, jardiniers and pedestals, and lion heads, also statuettes of saints, and 

 busts of Puzal sold either as bisques or painted in colors. The output is sold 

 principally in Manila. The type of kiln used is shown in the accompanying 

 illustration (fig. 2). 



At Pandacan in Manila, there is a kiln owned by Severino Alberto, 

 a Spaniard, which has been in operation for many years. The labor is 

 performed by Chinese. 



Alluvial clay is used which burns to a red biscuit. The ware is sometimes 

 painted in colors, but usually is given a metallic oxide glaze. Water bottles 

 are also made which are given a wash of white clay and then slightly reburned. 

 The products of this kiln are principally flower pots, bowls and various earthern 

 vessels. The output sells readily in Manila. The ware is not so good as that 

 made at San Pedro Tunasan, since no attempt is made to use the better grades 

 of clay. 



Pig. 2. — Type of Kiln Introduced by Japanese. 



At San Felipe Neri, Go Kicho, a Chinaman, has a brick kiln and a pottery 

 kiln. He uses alluvial clay. Some crude pottery with metallic oxide glaze is 

 made in addition to the usual product of red pottery. 



The biscuits which are used for the glazed pottery at the kilns just 

 mentioned are made from alluvial clay, but are more dense and much 

 stronger than the native ware. This is due largely to a careful washing 

 of the clay, subsequent thorough kneading to make it plastic, and burn- 

 ing at a higher temperature. The white clays used at San Pedro Tu- 

 nasan are employed because they are of better quality than the alluvial 

 clays. Being iow in silica they do not have the strength requisite for 

 stoneware, and containing some iron they exhibit a variable pinkish or 



