283 



The substances held in solution in this water are therefore as follows, in the 

 order of the relative propoi-tion in which they occur : — 



1. Free hydrochloric acid. 



2. Potash and soda alum. 



3. Chloride of aluminum. 



4. Gypsum. 



On comparing this with the composition of the water in one of the fuma- 

 roles by the side of the lake, and which may be considered to contain in 

 solution the whole of the constituents which have been extracted by the 

 chemical action that is going on beneath the surface, being taken before the 

 deposit of the encrusting matter, the following marked difference is observed : — 



The solid part of the mud was first separated by filtration, and was found 

 to consist of clay and other earthy matters, together with gypsum and iron 

 p}Tites in crystalline and granular forms. 



The clear liquid was colourless and transparent, and possessed a powerful 

 acid reaction and a specific gravity of 1 "003. 



It contained per gallon, — 



Sulphuric acid . . . . . 



116-056 



Hydrochloric acid .... 



9-877 



Lime ....... 



48-151 



Soda 



2-790 



Potash 



traces. 



Magnesia ...... 



9-879 



Iron protoxide, with alumina traces 



1V356 



Sulphurous acid ..... 



traces. 



Phosphoric acid ..... 



traces. 



Ammonia ...... 



traces. 



Silica . , i . . . ' . 



9-631 



Water . . . 



69,960-260 



70,168 



These results show the saline constituents of the water are as follows, 

 calculated centesimally : — 



Sulphate of lime 

 Sulphate of soda 

 Sulphate of magnesia 

 Sulphate of potash . 

 Sulphate of pi'otoxide of iron 

 Sulphate of alumina . 

 Sulphate of ammonia 

 Silicic acid, free. . ^ 



Sulphurous acid 

 Phosphoric acid 

 Sulphuric acid, free . 

 Hydrochloric acid, free 

 Water .... 



•166 

 •009 

 •042 



traces. 



•034 

 tracesi 

 traces. 



•013 

 traces, 

 traces. 



•016 



•014 

 99-706 



100 



