546 



Garden and Forest. 



[Number 392 



naming it Corylus roslrata, var. Sieboldiana. It has the 

 long tubular beaked, bristly fruit of the Beaked Hazel, and 

 herbarium specimens show that it is nearly like ours in 

 twig and leaf, but some specimens show both appressed 

 simple hairs and erect glandular hairs on leaf-stalks and 

 young twigs. 



Arnold Arboretum. J- Cr- JatK. 



Celtis occidentalis. — This tree, which is variously 

 known as the Hackberry, the Sugar-berry and the Nettle- 

 tree, extends across the continent from the St. Lawrence 

 to eastern Washington, and from Florida to northern Mex- 

 ico. Like the Red Cedar and other trees of almost conti- 

 nental distribution, it varies greatly in habit. In southern 

 Indiana and other points of the valley of the lower Ohio, 

 it reaches a height of one hundred and thirty feet, with 

 a straight, slender, smooth-barked shaft, which is often 

 eighty feet high to the first limb. In some places it is 

 reduced to a low shrubby form ; in others it has a short 

 stout trunk and widely spreading and pendulous branches. 

 In New England it is a comparatively lovi', broad, round- 

 headed tree, with branches sometimes pendulous, and as 

 it appears in Hudson County, New Jersey, just across the 

 river from this city, it has usually a broad flat top, with 

 branches arranged in horizontal strata. Some account of 

 the variations of this tree can be found in vol. iii., page 39, 

 of this journal, where it is described and figured. At this 

 season, when the leaves of so many trees are browned by 

 fungi or eaten by insects, the light green foliage and airy 

 habit of the Hackberry make it conspicuously beautiful. 

 In large places, where a variety of arboreal growth is de- 

 sired, it should not by any means be neglected, for it grows 

 rapidly and endures well the trials of our frequent midsum- 

 mer droughts. The leaves remain late in the autumn and turn 

 to a light jrellow before they fall, and it is altogether a cheer- 

 ful-looking tree. Celtis Mississippiensis is another species 

 of Hackberry found from southern Illinois southvi^ard. 

 Where it is associated with C. occidentalis in the lower 

 basin of the Ohio River it is the smaller tree, but its good 

 habit and rapid growth make it desirable for ornament in 

 those parts of the country where it flourishes, and it is 

 now very generally planted as a street tree in the towns 

 and cities of central and western Texas. 



Hypericums. — Shrubs of this genus, although they are 

 somewhat stiff in form, vary in habit from erect to pros- 

 trate, while their bright flowers, which continue to appear 

 for a long time, make them a most useful and interesting 

 class of plants at this season, when comparatively few 

 other shrubs are in bloom. Of our native species Hyperi- 

 cum prolificum and H. Kalmianum are about equal in or- 

 namental value, the latter having golden-yellow flowers an 

 inch across, while those of H. prolificum are smaller, 

 though more abundant. H. prolificum is rather the more 

 graceful of the two and more graceful in habit than H. au- 

 reum, which bears large flowers one and a half to two inches 

 across, with orange-yellow petals, and keeps in bloom 

 throughout late July and August. H. densiflorum is closely 

 allied to H. prolificum, and has fine foliage and bears com- 

 paratively small flowers in great profusion. H. gallioides 

 and H. adpressum are practically herbaceous plants, 

 although woody at the base. Mr. Jackson Dawson sug- 

 gests that H. adpressum is admirably adapted to work 

 in with the shruljby species, as it will form a low 

 dense carpet covered with small golden-yellow flowers. 

 A group of shrubby Hypericums, with H. adpressum 

 closely occupying the space between them to a height 

 of six inches, would make a novel and attractive fore- 

 ground for large park shrubberies. Of the foreign spe- 

 cies the half-woody H. calycinum is most satisfactory, 

 for, although the low stems are killed back every winter, 

 flowering shoots come up from the creeping root-stalks. 

 H. hircinum is nearly two feet high and blooms in mid- 

 summer. H. patulum and H. oblongifolium are Asiatic 

 species which are quite hardy in the middle states. The 

 new hybrid H. Moserianum, which was obtained by cross- 



ing H. calycinum and H. jiatulum, has been found hardy 

 enough to winter in sheltered positions in this latitude if it 

 is protected with some light litter. It grows to a height of 

 about two feet and bears in great abundance flowers which 

 are three inches in diameter and of a clear yellow color 

 through the summer and autumn months. 



Lo.vicERA sempervirens. — The Trumpet Honeysuckle is 

 one of the prettiest of our, native twining shrubs, and one 

 of the handsomest of all the climbing Honeysuckles. It is 

 in flower now, as it has been since early June, and will 

 continue to be until frost. The well-known trumpet- 

 shaped flowers are nearly two inches in length, bright red 

 on the outside, yellow within ; quite a number of them are 

 produced in whorled clusters from the axils of the leaves. 

 The plant requires a little attention to make it do its best, 

 and the situation it seems to delight in especially is against 

 a wall or fence facing south. A rich porous soil to a 

 depth of about tvi'o feet and plenty of water in the growing 

 season will be found to suit it exactly. Its name indicates 

 that the foliage is evergreen, but this is only true in the 

 southern states, and it is deciduous in this latitude. The 

 bright red or orange-colored berries are distinct additions 

 to the beauty of the plant. It may be increased at this 

 time of the year either from cuttings or by layers. 



Daphne Indica. — This plant is well known for its value 

 in decorating conservatories, and, although its habit is not 

 of the best, it is indispensable for the beauty and fragrance 

 of its flowers, as they serve long and well when cut. Mr. 

 Oliver writes that the shrub has endured the winter out-of- 

 doors in the vicinity of Washington, where the mercury 

 often falls below zero. He knows of plants which have 

 stood out without protection for five or six years, and they 

 are not only thoroiighly at home, but they bear flowers 

 much more abundantly than the specimens usually found 

 in greenhouses. The plants, which are of both the white- 

 flowered and red-flowered varieties, grow near the top of 

 an elevated piece of ground on a southerly slope and in a 

 sandy loam, vi'here the drainage is perfect. It would be 

 interesting to know just how far north this plant will 

 flourish out-of-doors, for, wherever it will survive, it will 

 be a splendid addition to our shrubberies. 



DiERAMA (Sparaxis) pulcherrima. — This plant, like most 

 of the other species in this section of the Iridea;, is a south 

 African plant, and is figured in The Botanical Magazine, t. 

 5555, as Sparaxis pulcherrima. It is an evergreen bulbous 

 plant, and is said to prefer wet places in its wild condition. 

 Its leaves are two or three feet long, robust, stiff and leath- 

 ery, and the flower-stalks are six feet high. Mr. Edmund D. 

 Sturtevant writes that the plant flowered with him in Los 

 Angeles, California, during the month of July, and it pleased 

 him exceedingly. It is growing in rich black loam, and is 

 never dried off. As it grows in California the bell-shaped 

 flowers are suspended from almost invisible thread-like 

 stems along the upper portion of the stalks. There are 

 several on each stem, and they open in succession. They 

 are rich deep pink, sometimes shaded with crimson, and 

 have a grace which can hardly be described. 



w 



Cultural Department. 



Fighting the Elm-leaf Beetle. 



"HILE it is possible to destroy the larvas of the imported 

 Elm-leaf beetle with a hand-spraying pump, a powerful 

 one is needed- to reach the tops of high trees, and it is a 

 good deal of trouble to get the discharge-pipe lifted high 

 enough by any device so that the spray can be directed effec- 

 tively to every part of the tree. Much more powerful appli- 

 ances are needed where many large trees are to be cared for, 

 and a recent bulletin of the New Haven experiment station 

 confers a public service by describing an outfit constructed by 

 Stephen Hoyt's Sons, of New Canaan, Connecticut, where it 

 has been used for two seasons with success. 



A portable steam-engine of eight or more horse-power, willi 

 a double-acting force-pump and a tank holding two hundred 

 and fifty gallons or more, are mounted on a stout wagon with 

 a platform large enough to accommodate an engineer. An 



