142 



GIBBS. 



Table XV. — A>ialyses of solution of ntpa sap during the process of purification 



for sugar making. 





First run. 



Second run. 



I. 



II. 



III. 



IV. 



V. 



1 

 VI. 



15° 

 Density tvq . . 



1. 0615 



15.0 

 10.2 



450 



1.26 

 67.3 



1. 0570 



14.0 

 12.2 



36 



0.10 

 87.1 



1. 0620 



15.2 

 13.4 



4.0 



0.011 



88.2 



Pale straw. 



1. 0619 



15.2 

 10.2 



461 



1.29 



67.1 



Brown. 



1.0615 



15.1 

 12.2 



111 



0.311 

 80.8 



Yellow. 



1. 0636 



15.5 

 13.8 



3.0 



.008 



90 



Very pale 



straw. 



15° 

 Solids bv table 



Polarization.-- 



Alkalinity: 



cc. :J-- per 100 cc 



g. CaO per 100 cc 



Purity - — 



Color - 



Brown. Yellow. 









The refining of this sap vnll require the ordinary equipment of a sugar 

 mill with the exception of the crushers, namely, a lime kiln to furnish 

 both the lime and the carbon dioxide, clarification, sulphur, and con- 

 centrating apparatus, filter presses, centrifuges, steam generating plant, 

 d}Tiamos, and motors. A great saving over the cane will be the omission 

 of the crushers. The nipa districts are well suited for cheap transporta- 

 tion of fuel, limestone, and the various supplies through the waterways, 

 and for the shipment of the product. 



Estimates of production. — The investigations of a number of individual 

 trees, previously described, show that a seasonal production of 43 liters 

 of sap is about the average. 



On the basis of 2,000 trees per hectare the sap-yield is 86,000 liters per 

 annum per hectare. Estimating 14 per cent sucrose in the sap or, to be 

 on the side of conservatism, 12 per cent recoverable sugar, the yield per 

 hectare will be 10,428 kilos of 96 per cent sugar valued at 0.16 peso 

 (subject to market fluctuation) per kilo, at 1,668.48 pesos. A hundred- 

 ton sugar mill would probably be kept nnming 180 days of the year on 

 the product of 750 to 1,000 hectares. The actual figure derived from 

 calculation is 745 hectares. 



Since the cost of refining will probably be less than that for cane *^ 

 and since sugar is an expensive raw material for the manufacturer of 

 alcohol, I am strongly of the opinion that more profit is to be made 

 from the nipa lands through the establishment of sugar refineries than 

 distilleries. 



" While many cost factors are in favor of the refining of the nipa sap there 

 is one in favor of the cane, namely, the item of fuel. .The bagasse is usually 

 sufficient to supply fuel for the cane mill, while in the case of the palm sap 

 there is no by-product which can be used for fuel. 



