346 BROOKS. 



tliol, by treatment witli alkalies, it is possible that this operation would 

 be successful commercially. Considerable quantities of anise oil are 

 annually imported into the Philippine Islands for the manufacture of 

 anisado. However it is doubtful whether or not Clausena could suc- 

 cessfully be cultivated, as it is a typical forest species. 



LIMNOPHILA SPECIES. 



It is worthy of note that the leaves of Limnophila sp. of the Scrophu- 

 laiiaceae, contain an essential oil the odor of which resembles that of 

 rosemar}^, of the Labiatae. IsTot enough of the plant has been available 

 this season to study the oil. The yield is approximately 0.2 per cent. 

 Its specific gra\dty is 0.850, indicating a. high per cent of terpenes. 



PHILIPPINE CITRUS OILS. 



Several varieties of citrus fniits are widely grown in the Philippines, 

 3^et no attempt has been made to secure essential oils from them on a 

 commercial scale. The present production of fruit is immediately con- 

 sumed in the local markets. However, any considerable increase in the 

 number of trees planted would at once bring the manufacture of citrus 

 oils within the range of possibility. The variety of orange now most 

 widely cultivated, the naranjita, contains very little acid and, in my 

 opinion, could not be used for making citric acid. In Italy, where 

 practically the world's supply of orange oil is produced, the citric acid 

 which is manufactured from the juice, has a value about equal to the oil 

 obtained from the peel. 



It is worthy of note that the Philippine Tariff law, enacted in 1909, places 

 an import duty of 50 per cent ad valorem on orange-peel oil. In the United 

 States Tariff Act of 1909, orange-peel oil is not specifically mentioned in the 

 paragraph with neroli, or orange-flower oil, which is on the free list, and the 

 fruit oil therefore would evidently fall under paragraph 21, which provides that 

 "fruit ethers, oils or essences" shall pay an import duty of one dollar per pound. 

 It has been said that this schedule was enacted to protect the California orange 

 growers, but, up to the present, orange oil has not been produced in California in 

 commercial quantities. It would seem that the free entry of Philippine orange- 

 peel oil into the United States would give local producers a decided advantage. 



Dr. C. B. Eobinson, of the botanical laboratory of the Bureau of 

 Science, supplies the following information : 



The orange-growing industry of the Philippines is largely confined to the two 

 towns of Santo Tomas and Tanauan, in the northern part of the Province of 

 Batangas. In many other towns, occasional trees, especially Citrus decumana 

 Murr., are planted and grow well, but except in the two places named, the 

 industry is not of commercial importance. 



Santo Tomas and Tanauan adjoin one another, the main parts of the towns 

 being about 3 kilometers apart. So far as this industry is concerned, they are 

 now nearly equal, Tanauan having much the larger number of old trees, Santo 



