434 



SMITH AND EDDINGFIELD. 



of mountains including the Pyrenees, the Alps, and the Himalayas 

 were thrust up. Contemporaneous with this occurrence there had been 

 a great intrusion of andesitic and dioritic rock beneath the later sediments. 



At the same time, and as a 

 consequence of the stresses set 

 up in this rising and bending 

 mass, fissures opened, run- 

 ning in various directions 

 through the rocks, and hot 

 silicious and caicarecus wa- 

 ters made their way to the 

 surface, filling the fissures 

 with vein matter and to some 

 extent metamorphosing the 

 surface rocks. The hot sili- 

 cious waters carried ?ome 

 gold in solution and deposited 

 it in these fissures. Subse- 

 quent erosion has removed 

 much of the upper portions 

 of these formations and carved 

 out the fine canons the scenery 

 of fl^hich we now enjoy. 



The elevation alluded to as 

 the "Miocene Eevolution" 

 amounted to at least 1,500 

 meters. To-day, in Trinidad 

 Water-gap fossil coral oecui'f^ 

 at an elevation of 1,335 me- 

 ters and it has been found at 

 a much greater elevation far- 

 ther north. 



STRUCTURE. 



To obtain a clear idea of 

 the structure of this region it 

 is necessary to draw upon our 

 knowledge of the geology of a 

 larger area than is shown on 

 the map accompanying this 

 report. The sediments, which 

 we see now in a more or less 

 broken condition on the 

 flanks of the highlands, 



