RECONNAISSANCE OF SOUTHEASTERN LUZON. 473 



fied beds. Another area of the basal formation is found near Tal- 

 cauayan Bay and consists of gi-eenstones and quartz porphyry. Materials 

 from it, especially pieces of quartz, occur in the Tertiary conglomerate 

 beds along the Viiias Eiver. There are conglomerate beds at many places 

 near the base of the section of the sedimentaries. They may be seen 

 well exposed on the road from Atimonan to Giunaca and contain boul- 

 ders of diorite, andesite, and basalt. 



Strong dynamic action has produced a schistose structure in the rocks 

 west of Atimonan. This locality was shown on the geologic map of 

 southwestern Luzon. In the Tayabas Peninsula no exposures of schists 

 were seen. Some small pieces were brought to the division of mines, 

 Bureau of Science, from near the end of the peninsula, but the locality 

 was not definitely reported. The dynamic action which developed schis- 

 tose structure in the igneous rocks seems to have resulted only in folding 

 and faulting of the sedimentaries. As a result of the inclination of the 

 beds the more resistant ones form ridges upon weathering. The strike of 

 the ridges is northwest and southeast with the direction of the peninsula. 



Coal. — No workable coal has thus far been reported from the area 

 under discussion. The history of the discovery of the deposits near 

 Atimonan and on Pagbilao Island is given in detail in Burritt's com- 

 pilation. On D'Almonte's map, coal is indicated as occurring on Alabat 

 Island, but no effort has been made to mine it and it probably is of minor 

 importance. 



Petroleum.— In Jidy, 1909, George I. Adams made a reconnaissance 

 in the Tayabas Peninsiila and secured samples of oil; these were col- 

 lected with especial care for the purpose of analysis in the laboratory 

 of the Bureau of Science. The collecting of these samples was one of 

 the important aims of the trip, since the analysis of samples submitted 

 by private persons showed the oil to be of such a high gi'ade that capitalists 

 were not willing to believe it to be a natural oil and, accordingly, would 

 not take an interest in developing the field. 



The crude petroleum from Tayabas Peninsula has a very low specific 

 gravity and only two or three fields in the world produce an oil compar- 

 able with it." It is very desirable for distillation since it contains an 

 unusually high percentage of gasoline and kerosene and accordingly it 

 should command a high price in the market. 



Up to the time of the reconnaissance a considerable amount of prospect- 

 ing had been carried on in a quiet way, and some wells had been drilled to 

 shallow depths with encouraging results, but very little infoiTuation con- 

 cerning the oil finds had reached the public. During the reconnaissance, 

 oil-seeps were seen in three distinct localities. A place occurs on the Ajus 



' For analysis of the oil, see Tayabas Petroleum, by G. F. Richmond. This 

 Journal Sec. A (1910), 5, 1. 



