January 13, 1892.] 



Garden and Forest. 



17 



A little more than one year ago the propagators of the new 

 winter iron-clad Oldenburgh-seedling- — first known as Dudley's 

 Winter, but since renamed North Star — kindly sent me two 

 trees for trial. I had them carefully set out, but one is already 

 dead, and I can save the other only by banking it in the fall. I 

 did not set them myself, nor unpack them, and the man to 



probably one reason why "Nevv York trees," even the hardiest 

 Russians, are so widely unpopular in the cold north. 



Without the least doubt, so long as we are compelled to 

 work our iron-clad tree-fruits upon tender stocks we must put 

 and keep these stocks well down beneath the surface, or 

 mound them up, or mulch them heavily, and keep them so. 



Fig. 4. — Chrysanthemum, Walter Hunnewell. — See page i6. 



whom I entrusted the work failed to notice that they were both 

 budde'd, four or five inches from the ground, on what have 

 proved to be tender stocks. It is needless to say that no grafted 

 or budded tree can survive its stock, and unless buyers are 

 warned to plant them very deep the trees of this Apple will be 

 denounced, when put upon the market, as a fraud, so far as 

 its supposed hardiness is concerned. Such high working is 



In nursery work this principle has long been well understood 

 by growers in the iron-clad region ; and it is this necessity 

 which has led to the practice, in root-grafting, of working long 

 cions on short roots. The subject has been debated in our 

 horticultural publications and meetings with a good deal of 

 energy, and both nurserymen and orchardists outside of the 

 cold north have taken part in the debate, not always with a 



