August io, 1892.] 



Garden and Forest. 



379 



patch of golden yellow on the lip. It is a first-rate Orchid, 

 but it is not one o£ the best-behaved under cultivation. 

 The plant shown bore three spikes of ten flowers each. 



Calopoc;on pllchellus would be a fa\-orite garden-plant 

 in England if it were less difficult to manage. As it is it 

 is scarcely known to English cultivators, so that a plant of 

 it which was exhibited in flower at the last meeting of the 

 Royal Horticultural Society was looked upon as a novelty 

 and was awarded a first-class certificate. The plant was 

 one and a half feet high and bore a four-flowered spike. 

 Most of the North American Bog-orchids behave badly 

 under cultivation in England. They are all right the first 

 year, but the resting season almost in\'ariably proves too 

 much for them. If there is any "wrinkle" known to 

 American cultivators which would enable us to grow 

 these beautiful little Orchids here there are many who 

 would be most thankful to have that "wrinkle" made 

 generally known. It must, however, be confessed that 

 we fail equally with many of our native Orchids. 



London. JV, WalSOtl. 



Cultural Department. 



Strawbenues, Old and New. 



T~'HE strawberry season just closed has been a fairly profita- 

 ■»• ble one through this section, growers disposing of their 

 crops at remunerative prices. Owing to the opening of a can- 

 ning-factory at this place the raising of small fruits has devel- 

 oped to large dimensions, and prices are kept up to paving rates, 

 as there is never a time of glut in the market, and the factory 

 takes tlie surplus after the local retail market is supplied. The 

 time was when the Crescent was universally grown, but very 

 few of the large growers now find it profitable, although in a 

 few favorable locations it is still the most productive variety. 

 The Warfield, Burt's Seedling, Haverland, Eureka, Bubach and 

 Sharpless are extensively grown, with a sprinkling of Wilsons 

 on some plantations. 



On the Station-grounds Burt's Seedling has been the stand- 

 ard of productiveness for the past three years, but failed 

 this year to hold its record, owing to a severe attack of the leaf- 

 blight (Sphajrella Fragarice), which disease has been more than 

 usually prevalent the past season, and Beeder Woods took its 

 place at the head of the list, with Greenville, a seedling from 

 Ohio, a good second, and the Iruits of which are so much 

 larger and finer in appearance than the Beeder Woods that it 

 is probable that the receipts from the sale of the yields of the 

 two varieties would be in favor of the Greenville. Enhance, a 

 variety grown on the Station-grounds for several years with 

 varied success, has been among the most productive this year, 

 and if the yield could be depended upon it would prove 

 a very valuable fruit, as it is exceedingly high-flavored and 

 very firm. The Van Deman still leads as the best very early 

 variety, the bulk of the crop being harvested when but 

 very few other varieties are in competition wilh it. It is 

 of more than average productiveness, and on account of its 

 brilliant color and firmness would be a desirable variety even 

 if not early. After two years' trial of Michel's Early the 

 conclusion has been reached that for this section it does not 

 supersede several of the older well-known varieties. While 

 very few of its fruits ripen extremely early, the main crop is 

 about with Crescent, and although its quality is far superior to 

 that variety, its dull color and softness make it inferior from a 

 commercial standpoint. The Parker Earle, which last year 

 proved a grand late variety, was winter-killed quite badly the 

 past season, and in consequence gave only a medium yield. 

 Whether its susceptibility to freezing weather is due to its 

 southern origin or not is impossible to tell, but it is to be 

 hoped that it can begrown through this section, as it certainly is 

 needed for a companion to the Gandy, another fine late variety. 



The new-comers tested for one year are some of them 

 valuable, and a brief description of them may be of interest. 

 The Bowman is a perfect flowering variety, with extra large 

 dark green foliage ; fruits light red, averaging large ; the 

 quality is very fine, but the fruits are too soft for shipment ; 

 very similar in flavor to Jersey Queen. Boynton, a perfect va- 

 riety of vigorous growth, bearing immense clusters of medium- 

 sized dark red fruits of good quality. The Barton is proba- 

 bly the Eclipse of several years ago ; the growth ot plant 

 is all that could be desired ; foliage perfectly healthy ; the 

 fruits average large, conical in shape, dark showy red in color, 

 of more than average firmness and fine quality ; very satisfac- 



tory berry. Feights No. 2, a perfect-flowered seedling, sent 

 here by the originator of the Dayton Early, proves a first-class 

 variety ; the growth of plant is very rank ; foliage perfectly 

 healthy; fruits large and symmetrical, bright scarlet, and of 

 superb quality ; this, without doubt, will become a valuable 

 variety. Feights No. 3, a pistillate companion of the above, 

 gave a larger yield, and the fruits averaged larger than the No. 

 2, but the color and flavor were lacking. Governor Hoard, a 

 variety of stocky growth ; dark green foliage ; fruits large and 

 sliowy, of very fine quality ; the plants are above the average 

 in productiveness, and it will undoubtedly become a valuable 

 market variety. The Great Pacific is an Illinois seedling, 

 coming well recommended ; its growth is rank ; foliage dark 

 green and extra large ; the Iruits, which are of medium size, 

 are borne in large clusters on stiff fruit-stalks well up in the 

 foliage ; berries bright scarlet, very firm, sub-acid ; only fairly 

 productive. Gillespie was sent out as a periect-Howering 

 Haverland ; from one year's experience with it we find that, 

 while the plants make a fine growth, it makes but few run- 

 ners ; the fruits are of the same shape as Haverland, with a 

 longer neck ; color lighter than the latter ; berry very soft and 

 of indifferent quality ; yield poor. Hazelton's No. 4, a seed- 

 ling from Delaware, Ohio, made a very rank growth and fur- 

 nislied a large number of runners ; berries only medium size ; 

 quite firm and medium tart; yield poor. Hatfield makes a 

 moderate growth ; fruits a fair size ; flavor a pleasing sub- 

 acid ; yield poor. Martha, a pistillate variety of stocky growth, 

 of very dark green foliage ; truits dark red, of only moderate 

 size, but having a very fine flavor ; yield about an aver- 

 age crop. Laxton's Noble is one of the most popular 

 English varieties, and deservedly so ; growth of plants 

 good ; foliage dark green ; fruits roundish conical of very 

 dark red color ; large and of very fine flavor ; its only 

 fault is the very few runners made. Lovett's Early has not 

 proved early here ; it is a vigorous-growing variety, bearing a 

 moderate crop of very showy fruit of very good quality, but 

 quite soft ; this variety is well spoken of in other localities, and 

 may improve here. Mount Holyoke has some of the charac- 

 teristics of the James Vick, one of them being its profuse 

 blossoming and its inability to mature over half the berries set ; 

 under high culture it may become a productive variety. The 

 Shaw makes a vigorous growth, but does not send out run- 

 ners freely ; the Iruits are of good size and very fine flavor. 

 Piper's No. 4, an Illinois seedling, is of low stocky growth, 

 with small dark green leaves, yields but a moderate quantity 

 of conical fruit of medium size and poor quality. Sadie 

 makes a strong growth of light green foliage ; fruits 

 are below the average in size, borne in large clusters, 

 bright scarlet; moderately firm; quite tart; does better 

 in stools than in matted rows. Saunders has the same 

 faults as the Shaw, but has larger fruit ; a very good garden 

 variety. Woolverton : growth vigorous ; fruits of good color, 

 medium size and fine flavor. Walton ; of moderate growth ; 

 foliage light green ; yields only a moderate crop ; fruits aver- 

 age small, light red, soft, and of good quality. Walden : this 

 variety makes a very rank growth and matures a fair crop of 

 fruit; berries bright red, \-ery large, moderately firm and of 

 fine quality ; a good home berry. Westbrook : of good 

 growth ; foliage light green ; fruits small, tart, and many of 

 them imperfect. Yale : this variety is of stocky growth, with 

 light green foliage ; fruits obtuse-conic, \-ery dark scarlet, with 

 showy yellow seeds ; quality fair ; season late ; this has not 

 proved productive, although it is well spoken of elsewhere. 

 In regard to the Gandy, spoken of earlier in this article, the 

 fact of its being late is but one point in its favor. Here it has 

 been above the average in productiveness. It is one of the 

 handsomest of berries, with its large green hull, perfect shape 

 and handsome color, while the flavor is exquisite enough to' 

 tempt few who at the end of a long strawberry season are begin- 

 ning to tire of even this most delicate of fruits. 



Geneva Experiment station, C. A. IlUJtn. 



Southern Tomato Blight at the North. 



T T is interesting to note that the blight so destructive to the 

 •*■ tomato industry in the southern states is doing consider- 

 able damage in the north this season. A short time ago j\Ir. 

 F. L. Stevens sent me specimens of diseased tomatoes from 

 Syracuse, New York. . These exhibited manifest symptoms 

 of the southern Tomato blight, and when the central core of 

 the wilted stems was examined it was found swarming with 

 the characteristic Dacleria. Laboratory cultures were made 

 of this germ and inoculations of healthy stems were success- 

 ful in all cases. 



Mr. Stevens, at my request, made an inspection of six To- 

 mato fields and found that three were exempt from the blight. 



