3 5 4 JEssays. 



])odium voluhile), of both wMcli the women often made graceful wreaths and 

 garlands. They carved handsome staves (Jiani and taialid) out of the hard 

 variegated wood of the ahe {Dodoncea viscosci) ; which weapon was used both 

 as insignia of rank and for defence ; this they further ornamented with 

 mother-of-pearl eyes set into the wood, and with small red feathers, obtained 

 from under the wings of the brown parrot, firmly fastened around it, and 

 with the prized long white hair of their dogs' tails, neatly quilled up into 

 little queues and pendant from it. Then their musical instruments (rude 

 though they were and possessing only a few notes) were several ; perhaps 

 they would have improved these had they possessed proper material for 

 making them. • Their three or four flutes of different sizes were made of 

 human bone, or the hollow stems of the tutu, (Goriaria ruscifolid), or of the 

 kolioho (Solatium aviculare), or of two pieces of hard wood, cleverly constructed 

 and fitted together, having the joining in the centre, Avhere, too, it was much 

 larger. Their trumpet was made of a large conch shell (Triton variegatuni) , 

 and sometimes of a piece of wood. All their musical instruments were also 

 more or less carved and ornamented. Their larger war-gongs were made of 

 onataii wood, and were suspended in their forts. Their combs for their hair 

 were also both neatly made and carved ; these, however, were not used as 

 combs commonly are by us, but by the chiefs to keep up their hair, much as 

 English ladies use their high back-combs. The cloth-like inner bark of the 

 aute, or paper mulberry, was manufactured only for head ornaments, for 

 which sole purpose too the exotic was carefully and annually cultivated. 

 They very elaborately carved their boxes for holding their Imia and kotuTcu 

 feathers ; and so they afterwards often did their tinder-boxes. They also 

 carved the deep circlet necks, or collars, of hardwood, which they neatly 

 fixed on to their large provision calabashes for potted birds ; to which they 

 also fitted tripod-like stands. The poulcaaJcaa, or parrot perch, was also gene- 

 rally carved and ornamented. And they assiduously sought, and only ob- 

 tained with much trouble and preparation, their favourite colours of red and 

 blue mineral pigments, with which to ornament their bodies, as well as their 

 chiefs' houses, canoes, storehouses, tombs, and boundary posts. 



17. Buying and selling for a price, as practised by us, was unknown to 

 them. Such was not wanted where every man or household had nearly 

 alike, and made their oww commodities. They had, however, a kind of 

 barter or exchange ; or, more properly, a giving to be afterwards repaid by 

 a gift. Dried sea-fish, or dried edible sea-Aveed, or shark oil, or Tcaraha 

 berries, would be given by natives living on the sea-coast to friendly natives 

 d\Yelling inland ; who would afterwards repay with potted birds, or eels, or 

 Jiinau cakes, or mats, or rouge, or birds' feathers and skins. So, a chief 

 would give to one of his own, or of a friendly tribe, some article as an 



