ANTHRAX IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 95 



to be in perfect health. He has not had any animals die suddenly before this 

 one, except in 1901, when, he says, a carabao died \vith rinderpest. The animal 

 which died of anthrax was purchased by him from dealers from Binangonan 

 Malayo, Tayabas Province, in December, 1909. It was kept every day in a 

 pasture called Libis, with many other carabaos. This pasture is situated between 

 Taytay and Laguna de Bay. 



Case II, number 19. — 'Carabao owned by Saturnino Morales, Santa Ana, Tay- 

 tay, Province of Rizal, died September 1, 1910. Guinea pig was inoculated on 

 September 1, at 10.55 a. m., with blood from dead carabao. One smear prepara- 

 tion of blood and piece of animal's ear ^^•ere received at the laboratory on the 

 afternoon of September 1. Smear preparation of the blood, stained with aqueous 

 methylene blue showed the presence of a large number of anthrax organisms 

 giving jNI'Fadyean's reaction. 



Smear preparations from ear of carabao stained with aqueous methylene blue 

 showed the presence of large numbers of anthrax bacteria giving the same reac- 

 tion. Agar cultures were made from blood of carabao's ear. 



September 2: Agar cultures showed characteristic anthrax colonies, and cover- 

 glass preparations showed the presence of anthrax bacteria. 



Guinea pig died 11.30 a. m. Anthrax bacteria were found present in smears 

 from spleen, liver, and heart blood, giving characteristic reaction to aqueous 

 methylene blue. Frozen section of kidney stained with carbol-fuchsin showed 

 anthrax bacteria present in capillaries of convoluting tubules, collecting tubules, 

 and glomeruli. 



Agar cultures were made from blood of spleen, liver, and heart. 



Septemb>3r 3: Agar cultures made on September 2 showed pure culture of 

 anthrax bacteria from spleen, liver, and heart blood. 



This carabao was the only one owned by Saturnino Morales at the time of 

 its death and when very young was brovight from Antipole. At the time of its 

 death it was pastured every day along with a large number of other carabaos 

 in a pasture place called Mahabang Sapa, which is separated from Libis by a 

 shallow river. 



Case III, number 23. — ^Carabao owned by Victor Santos, barrio of San Juan, 

 Taytay, Rizal, died September 8, 1910. Guinea pig was inoculated 8.35 a. m., 

 and ear of carabao was received in laboratorj^ about noon on the 8th. 



Smears of blood from ear stained with aqueous methylene blue showed presence 

 of anthrax organisms and gave M'Fadyean's reaction. Agar cultures were made 

 from blood of ear. 



September 9: Guinea pig was found dead and very much distended, showing 

 that it probably had died on the evening of the 8th. Smear preparations made 

 from the spleen, liver, and heart blood, stained with aqueous methylene blue, 

 showed an enormous number of rod-shaped organisms. Some of them resembled 

 anthrax, giving the characteristic reaction, while the others had the appearance 

 of putrefactive organisms. Agar cultures were made from blood of spleen, liver, 

 and heart. 



Agar eultui'e from ear gave practically pure culture of anthrax. 



September 10: Agar cultures from spleen, liver, and heart blood showed mixed 

 cultures; a few anthrax colonies were distinguished. Cover-glass preparations 

 from these showed anthrax bacteria. 



Victor Santos does not own any other carabao. The one which died was 

 bought in Binangonan Malayo about two years ago. It was pastured every day 

 along with many other carabaos in the pasture called Libis. Several years before 

 a carabao owned by liim died, but the nature of the death could not be ascertained. 



