180 



• CHAMBERLAIN, BLOOMBERGH, KILBOURNE. 



samples of tiqui-tiqui were sent to the office of the Surgeon General of 

 the Army for analysis as to the nitrogen;, potassium, and phosphorus 

 contents. Doctor Hodge's reports on them are shown in the following 

 table : 



Table I. — Analyses of rices used in experiments* 



Num- 

 ber. 



Sample. 



Choice Saigon rice of Subsistence Depart- 

 ment, polislied 



Filipino No. 1 rice, polished 



Filipino No. 2 rice, yellowish-white peri- 

 carp, undermined 



Filipino No. 2 rice, red pericarp (Subsis- 

 tence Department for Scouts), under 



milled 



Tiqui-tiqui, white 



Tiqui-tiqui, red 



Per cent 

 nitrogen. 



1.08 

 1.19 



1.20 



1.32 

 2.18 

 1.87 



Per cent 



potash= 



K2O. 



0.098 

 0.093 



0.271 



0. 223 

 1.400 

 0.973 



Per cent 

 phos- 

 phoric 

 aold= 

 PoOr,. 



0.260 

 0. 255 



0.576 



0.489 

 5.610 

 2.588 



It will be seen that numbers 1 and 2 (polished) did not differ very 

 materially from numbers 3 and 4 (undermilled) as regards the nitrogen 

 content but that there was a great difference in the phosphorus and 

 potassium contents of tlte polished ^ and unpolished samples, the latter 

 having twice as much phosphorus pentoxide and two and a half times 

 as much potassium oxide. It is of interest to note that the percentage 

 of salts was lower in the red undermilled rice and the red tiqui-tiqui 

 than it was in the white. This indicates a smaller proportion of salts 

 for the red than for the white rice, but whether other analyses indicate 

 such a difference we do not know. 



Aron(8) gives the percentage of phosphorus pentoxide for various Philippine 

 rices as follows : Laguna rice, unpolished, 0.557 ; same, polished, 0.314 ; "Macan" 

 machinery rice, 0.340 ; same, native made, 0.455 ; "Valenciana" highly polished, 

 0.197; average Manila rice, 0.33. As regards polished and impolished grades 

 these analyses agree as closely as can be expected with those shown in the above 

 table. 



The analyses of our polished rices agree almost exactly with the "white rice" 

 of Fraser and Stanton(7), (17) which contained 0.277 per cent of P^O^. Our 

 undermilled rice contained more P2O5 than the "parboiled rice" tised by Fraser 

 and Stanton, 0.489 and 0.576 per cent for ours as compared with 0.469 for theirs. 



To select a rice which has beriberi-preventing qualities, it is not necessary to 

 have a chemical analysis made. Whether the grain be a red or a white variety, 

 a little experience will enable one to determine if sufficient pericarp is left on 

 the kernel. In the ease of rices with white pericarp, staining with Gram's iodine 

 solution makes a selection more easy, since the pericarp does not take the stain, 

 remaining grayish white, while the polished grains and the parts of the kernels 

 denuded of pericarp become a deep blue, almost black. 



'The nitrogen was determined by the Kjeldahl method, the potassium by the 

 Lindo-Gladding. 



