218 WHITMORE. 



mortality.* No other strain of the dysentery bacillus was found by me 

 in that locality. I was able four times to isolate a bacillus of the Flexner- 

 Strong type and one of the Shiga-Kruse type once from sporadic cases 

 of acute dysentery around Manila. Besides this, I obtained a large 

 number of dysentery-like bacilli. 



These organisms were determined by the cultural characteristics, in- 

 cluding their reactions in sugar media, their pathogenicity for lower 

 animals, and their agglutination reactions with sera of animals im- 

 munized to loiown strains of the various types of the dysentery bacillus. 

 As all but one of the strains of the Shiga-Kruse type came from one 

 locality and all of them were identical, I chose the Manila strain (P. 

 S. II) and one of the Batangas strains (P. S. I). In the same way 

 I selected two of the Flexner- Strong strains (P. A. I. and P. A. II) and 

 six of the dysentery-like organisms (L. I. to L. VI) . As my further work 

 in agglutination reactions was to immunize animals to each strain and 

 then to test the agglutinability of every. strain with every serum, it was 

 manifestly necessary for me to keep the number within working limits, 

 and there was no necessity of working with a large series that culturally 

 and by agglutination reactions had been shown to be identical. Again, 

 reasonable economy in animals required that I should not use too many 

 strains, especially as I was working with rabbits, and my Sliiga-Kruse 

 strains were so virulent for them that I lost a number of animals before 

 I prepared a serum that agglutinated in sufficiently high dilixtion to be 

 of any value.* 



The following chart gives the morphology and cultural character of 

 the strains chosen- by me for further work, as well as two of the Shiga- 

 Kruse type (S. S. I and S. S. II) and one of the Flexner (S. A. II), 

 kindly sent to me by Professor Shiga, and one strain of the Flexner- Strong 

 type (S. A. I) brought from Heidelberg by Doctor Coca. 



I also tried Jehle and Charleton's(ll) serum medium witli tlie sugars. Tlie 

 result was entirely in accord with the findings on agar. 



From the following chart it can be seen that the first f ou.r strains fall in 

 the Shiga-Kruse type, while the next four belong to that of Flexner- 

 Strong. The last six easily are shown not to be dysenteiy bacilli at all. 

 There is no example of the Bacillus Y. 



^ I took blood from each patient for agglutination tests, at the time that I 

 obtained the stool. The blood-sera of patients who had been sick less than 

 three days did not agglutinate the dysentery organisms; the sera from those 

 who had been ill three to five days agglutinated slightly, or not at all, while 

 that from patients who had been ill over five days agglutinated from 1 : 40 to 

 1 : 100, but no special work was 'done in this line, as the patients' sera were not 

 depended upon at all for determining the organisms. 



* Martini and Lentz say that the serum should agglutinate in a 1 : 300 dilution. 



