WINTER INJURY TO APPEE TREES. 185 



extent of the injury was apparent, the writer made a careful 

 examination of each tree and recorded its condition at that 

 time. 



In taking this record it was evident that there was no rela^ 

 tion between the location of individual trees in the orchard and 

 the amount of winter injury observed, but some quite striking 

 results were obtained when these observations were tabulated 

 in comparison with the method used in setting the trees. Out 

 of 126 trees set in holes previously dynamited, 49 or nearly 39 

 per cent were either winter killed or badly injured. Of the 52 

 trees set in shovel dug holes, only 4 or less than 8 per cent 

 suffered in like manner. 



No attempt is made to draw general conclusions from these 

 figures obtained in a single orchard. What happened here 

 might not, and probably would not occur under different soil 

 conditions. Nevertheless it would seem evident that the method 

 of setting trees in dynamited holes is not adapted to soil condi- 

 tions like those on this farm. Based on the results where the 

 trees were set in shovel dug holes the probable loss from winter 

 injury among the entire 178, had they all been so set, would be 

 approximately 14 trees. Similarly had all the trees been set in 

 dynamited holes, the expected loss would be about 69. 



