22 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 



b. INSECTS FEEDING FREELY UPON THE LEAVES 

 WITHOUT A NEST AND NOT CONCEALED 

 WITHIN LEAF OR BUD. 



Lime-Tree Span- Worm. 



(Erannis tiliaria Harris.) 



Not uncommon on apple trees in Maine is this "loop worm" 

 with a dull red head, body yellowish white beneath a broad 

 lemon yellow stripe along the side and a yellow back with about 

 io fine crinkly black lines running lengthwise. 



This caterpillar is common upon the lime-tree or basswood, 

 and will also feed upon the foliage of the apple, elm, and certain 

 forest trees. 



Upon the apple this species is often associated with the fall 

 canker worm, which it resembles very much in its life history. 

 It seems to remain and do damage when the fall canker worm 

 has disappeared. When full grown, about the middle of June, 

 they usually let themselves down by a silken thread, enter the 

 ground about five or six inches and form a little oblong cell, 

 within which they change to the chrysalis state. In October or 

 November, (sometimes not until the following spring), the 

 moths appear. The wingless females climb the trees or other 

 objects where they meet the winged males, mate and soon 

 deposit the eggs in flattened masses, usually upon the branches 

 of the trees they have infested as larvae. 



REMEDIES. 



The life history of this species is so nearly like that of the 

 fall canker-worm that the remedies suggested for that insect 

 are applicable to this. It is not so serious a v pest as the canker- 

 worm, but is capable of doing much injury to the foliage of 

 apple trees, nevertheless. 



Canker Worms. 



i. spring canker-worm. 



(Paleacrita vernata.) 



The male moths of this species have rather large, thin, silky 

 wings, about one inch across when spread. The general color 



