MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 69 



are pastured in an orchard the trouble of gathering windfalls 

 by hand is avoided. 



Fungous Enemies. 



Fungi can be successfully combated only before the plants 

 are attacked. The more important fungous diseases of the 

 apple in Maine which may be controlled wholly or in part by 

 spraying are: scab; black, brown, pink, and bitter, rot; fly- 

 speck and sooty blotch of the fruit ; leaf spot ; and various forms 

 of limb canker. 



Materials Used in Fighting Apple Enemies. 



CAUTION : The following formulas are for use on the 

 apple. In many cases they are not adapted for more tender 

 plants. Keep all poisons carefully labelled and out of the reach 



of children and animals. 



1 



LEAD ARSENATE. 



Lead Arsenate paste 2 to 3 pounds 



Water 50 gallons 



Arsenate of lead acts slower as a poison than Paris green. 

 It has the advantage, however, of remaining longer in suspen- 

 sion in water, of not burning the foliage and of adhering better 

 than Paris green. Make a smooth thin paste with the poison 

 and a little water and add the remainder of the water and stir 

 thoroughly. When the dry powder instead of the paste is 

 used but -J the weight of lead arsenate indicated above is re- 

 quired. This is strong enough for caterpillars while they are 

 young. When half grown or larger certain species are very 

 resistant and 6 to 7 pounds of the paste (3 to 3^ of the dry 

 powder) to 50 gallons of water are then required. 



KEROSENE EMULSION. 



Fish-oil soap £ pound 



Boiling water (soft) 1 gallon 



Kerosene 2 gallons 



To prepare, dissolve one-half pound of soap in one gallon 

 of soft water by boiling; when well dissolved and still boiling 



