Newman. — Notes on the Physiology and Anatomy of the Tuaiara. 237 



M. iliacus (a muscle so called by Giinther) arises from the whole of the 

 ascending outer surface of the ilium, directly covers in the hip -joint, and is 

 inserted by a broad fleshy band into the posterior and hinder aspect of the 

 femur. Its origin is hidden by the long head of the extensor cruris, and is 

 separated by the very strong fascia. This muscle resembles in position, 

 origin, and insertion the glutseus in man. 



Quadratus femoris arises from the border and side of the tuber ischii, 

 and is inserted into the digital fossa. It is a small muscle, about one 

 quarter the size of the obturator externus. Gemelli and pyriformis are 

 represented by a small mass of muscle coming from the ventral surface and 

 posterior edge of the vertical ilium, and inserted into the head of the femur 

 just below the capsular ligament. 



Acetabulum. ■ 



Length of cavity half as long again as the breadth ; lower border 

 straight, upper curved. Capsular ligament very strong, lined by synovial 

 membrane. It embraces the edges of the acetabulum, and is especially 

 thickened on the upper part by a ligament corresponding to the ligamentum 

 teres in man. This ligament is inseparable from the capsule; the latter is 

 also specially thick anteriorly. The acetabulum faces directly outwards 

 and slightly backwards. Acetabulum shallow, very slight lip, dislocation 

 would easily occur but for the cartilage round the edge, the capsular 

 ligament, and the muscles which lie in contact with and materially strengthen 

 it. The obturator foramen is long and oval, filled by a membrane, which 

 is pierced by the obturator nerves and vessels. 



Fascia. 



Fascia lata of the thigh is attached to the pelvic rim and superior 

 external border of the ischium ; here it is strong and thick and covers the 

 whole of the outer side of the thigh and ends in a broad aponeurosis which 

 closely envelopes the knee joint. It receives the insertion of the tensor 

 vaginae femoris. The fascia is very intimately connected with the longhead 

 of the extensor cruris, much resembling relationship between the human 

 gluteus maximus and fascia lata. A very strong fascia closely binds the 

 caudal muscles. 



The great ischiatic nerve passes out behind the ihum, gives off niunerous 

 branches and runs down the popliteal space, in the lower part of which it 

 divides into several branches just prior to entering the sural muscles. It is 

 covered in by the musculus agitator cauds, to which it supplies a branch. 



Muscles of fore limbs. 

 The deltoid arises from the posterior portion and border of the cartila- 

 ginous scapula and passes du-ectly downwards to be mserted into the middle 

 of outer side of humerus, its tendinous portion passmg between the triceps 



