Thomson. — On Pronouns and other Barat Fossil Words. 233 



HlNDOSTAN. 



Gyami, kht/e ; Loliorong, chae ; Dungmali, choye ; Denwar, khaik ; 

 Kuswar, khaik; Tharu, khai ; Shan, kyen ; Siamese, kenn. 



The root of all is a. In Malagas!, with a prefix of mihiii and suffix of 

 na; in Malay, of mak and n. In the Polynesian dialects the root is 

 inflected. 



In the Continental tribes, the analogues are found in Tibet, khye ; in 

 Nepal, chae, choye, khaik, khai ; and in Indo-China, kyen, kenn, which latter 

 assimilates to Malay. 



In Javanese, the term is mangan, which assimilates to Malay. 



As this will conclude the series of papers that I have written on the 

 subject, commencing with an enquiry as to " The Whence of the Maori," 

 but which has led me over extensive ground,* I shall now recapitulate some 

 of the main points touched on. 



This, or kindred studies, have arrested the attention of many previous 

 writers on the mythology, traditions, chaunts, and legends of the Maori. 

 I have read with interest the works and papers of Sir George Grey, 

 Lieutenant Shortland, Mr. Colenso, and Dr. Arthur S. Thomson ; but those 

 authors who had dealt with the question to which my efforts have been 

 more closely allied were especially Mr. James Richardson Logan and 

 Mr. John Crawfurd, both of Singapore. The works of Humboldt, Bopp, and 

 Hale, I have not been able to obtain. These enquirers had their attention 

 engaged with kindred ethnological and philological fields, and in regard to 

 that to which I have confined myself their notices have been incidental 

 rather than comprehensive. 



With such able ethnologists preceding me, it must be confessed that 

 many facts were anticipated ; yet my labours, I submit, need not be con- 

 sidered to be entirely thrown away, for — with the light that has been shed 

 on the subject by the untirmg labours of Hodgson, Hunter, Campbell, 

 Koelle, Bleeck, Clark, etc., etc., whose dictionaries and vocabularies have 

 only been recently published — I have had data brought to hand which 

 the writers of thirty years ago could not obtain. These I have freely 

 searched, using, as my clue, the Malayan tongue, with whose language aad 

 hterature, as I have already stated, I can claim acquaintance. 



In my first paper, which was ethnological, I was carried, in my search 

 for the " Whence of the Maori," beyond Malaya (the popularly-accepted 



* " Whence of the Maori " (Ethnological), Trans., N.Z. Inst., Vol. IV., p. 1. 

 Do. do. (Barata Numerals) do. Vol. V., p. 131. 



Do. do. (Philological) 



"Barat or Barata Fossil Words" 



do. 



Vol. VI., App. 



do. 



Vol. XI., p. 157. 





23 



