J^ 



l/J^^^ 





7^-^ BEGINNINGS 



35 



'u^t:/^^ ^- whilst a similar solution which has been boiled 



4 



fnr Qnmp minntps; f^oes not at all rcadilv bccome turbid 



Unstable a even when exposed to the air, although it will do so in 



ttcr) 



silk 



may 



;cs which 



a few hours if some living Bacteria, be purposely added. 



Such facts seem to show, not only that living Bacteria 



are scarce in the air, but also — from, the fact that the 



-ive b r u^t)oiled solution will rapidly become turbid — that the 



^^C Ll.» ••11 j"l {* A 1^ 



d 



%\ 



in sol 



/ 



pre 



lings have 

 '. Minute 



s — which it i 



li- 



have almost 



solution originally contained some ferment whose 

 virtues were to a certain extent destroyed by the heat^. 

 Destroyed, however, only to a certain extent — since 

 the amnionic tartrate and sodic phosphate solution 

 which will no loneer become turbid from presence of 



t 



solutions em; Bacteria^ will, after a long period, yield Torula or one 

 :antly present; of the simplest kinds of Fungl^. Destroyed only to a 

 I which I has certain extent also, because the citrate of iron and 



s 



viously allud! ammonia solution will even yield Bacteria in addition 

 themselves c( to other organisms, after an exposure to a temperature 



r ammonic ti' of i45°C, and the solution of ammonic carbonate will 



previous 



also yield Bacteria after an exposure to a still higher 



Lire 



,, 3i[ temperature for a longer period. Thus the saline solu- 



tions employed have, perhaps, needed the presence of 



slight shocks) j 



mi 



pse 



of these W''^' ferment^ before life-giving changes could be initiated. 



tide 



%W' 



However difficult it may be, at first, to imagine 

 that living things are capable of springing up de novo 



gst the par 



combination. 



1, to^vard5^ 



Liebig^^^'^" 3.^ in a solution of tartrate of ammonia and phosphate of 



^ The ferment must have been originally either in the water, in the 



ot itse 



crystals, or in both. 



2 



impa^'"" , . ^ 



See Appendix A, pp. i. and ii. 



Checii 



istr)'.' P' 



D Z 



