' V 



f0 



I 



CHAPTER XIII 



CRYSTALS AND ORGANISMS : CAUSES WHICH DETERMINE THEIR 



FORM AND STRUCTURE. 



is the tempe^^^^' 



Fluidity and Solution. Molecular qualities retained. Action of Heat. 

 Solution a State of Chemical Combination. Modes of precipitation 



y tog 



ether the 

 become 



n 



of Saline Substances. Propertie i of all Bodies dependent upon I |e t ^^t OVerCOW 



Molecular Composition. AUotropism. Simple and compound 

 Substances, Relations of Crystalloids to Colloids. Conditions 

 favourable to Crystallization. Slowness of Union. Influence of 

 weak Galvanic Currents. Dimorphism under different ' Conditions.' 

 Changes in Colour as well as of Shape. Dr. Bennett's Cellular 

 Crystals. Mr. Rainey's Calculi. Fusion of these. Structure of 

 Starch-grains similar. Their Fusion. Albumenoid Concretions. 

 Mere amorphous Granules. Specks of 'living' Matter. These 

 assume Organic Forms. Products differ as Heat acts rapidly or 

 slowly. Different origin of Crystals and Organisms. Views of 

 Maupertuis, Burdach, Schwann, Herbert Spencer, and G. H. Lewes. 

 Passage of not-living into * living ' Matter, in Growth of Plants. 

 Influence of pre-existing Protoplasm determines the Quality of the 

 new Matter. Same with pre-existing Crystalline Matter. Crystalline 

 Polarities shown by Repair. Modifications producible by different 

 ' Conditions.' Dimorphism of Mercuric Iodide and other Salts. 



Such Modifiability should be more marked in the case of 'living' 

 Matter. 



Slill larger 



IS 



the ] 



to endure tt 



es necesf: 



f or vapour 



. Int: 



which are caj 

 Ud condition 1 



) 



li 



i 



'■In 



J^sen and HopldE ■ 



lave their 



IS to sa\' 



po] 



\ 



y> since mec 



^s tendency to 

 9*0B can be 



me 



u 



at 



overcc, 



a 



'T^HE states of fluidity and solution are conditions 



to fuse 



k 



t\^^ 



at that 



I 



to which most forms of matter may be reduced, 



and from which all solid forms must, in accordance with 

 the Evolution hypothesis, have originally emerged. 

 Fluidity or fusion is due, for the most part, to the 



»« tie contr," ^' ^' 



*J (' L. ""^ of 



oceed. 



°fV 



