188 Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. 1918. 



Color description of a second instar larva, late. Head, prothoracic 

 and anal shields, and legs, shining black ; general body color bright 

 golden yellow, a little lighter ventrally than dorsally; dorsal and lateral 

 tubercles black, ventral tubercles brown ; anal proleg yellow. 



The molt to the second instar (first molt J. The molt to 

 the second instar is exactly like that to the third instar, and is 

 described below under that heading. 



Coloration after the first molt. The coloration after the 

 first molt is exactly the same process as that described below 

 under the heading "coloration after the second molt." 



Color description of the second instar larva, early. Head, pro- 

 thoracic and anal shields, shining black ; general body color very dark 

 golden black, somewhat lighter ventrally; dorsal and lateral tubercles 

 black, ventral tubercles brown ; anal proleg yellow. 



Color description of the second instar larva, late. Head, prothoracic 

 and anal shields, and legs, shining black ; general body color dark golden 

 yellow (duller than in the late first instar), a little lighter ventrally; 

 dorsal and lateral tubercles dull black, ventral tubercles brown, anal 

 proleg yellow. 



The molt to the third instar (second molt). A number of 

 larvae was carefully watched while they accomplished the sec- 

 ond molt. The first step in the process is the rupturing of 

 the old cuticula, which splits along the mid-dorsal line of the 

 metathorax, this crack extending forward on the mid-dorsal 

 line of the mesothorax, the prothorax, and the Y-shaped head 

 suture. Through the opening thus formed, the thoracic seg- 

 ments are arched out, the mesothorax being the first to bulge 

 out. Within 5 minutes after the appearance of the split, the 

 thoracic segments are well out, and in 10 or 15 minutes the 

 head as well is free. All this is accomplished by the alternate 

 contraction and relaxation of the body muscles. The legs are 

 freed immediately after the head. To draw them out from 

 the old cuticula, the body is hunched together, and then the 

 head is thrown back suddenly as far as is possible, which re- 

 sults in extricating them one pair at a time, although these 

 movements take place so rapidly that the legs seem to be with- 

 drawn almost simultaneously. The legs are held appressed 

 for several minutes as they are very soft when they are first 

 drawn out, and the larva clings to the leaf only by the anal 

 proleg. In about 5 minutes the legs are used a little to help 

 push down the old cuticula from the abdomen, and in approxi- 

 mately 15 minutes after they have been withdrawn, the larva 



