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Sect. III.l 



HYDROGRAPHY. 



69 



< - - - 5° 32' X S^ 58' 



Alt. lOZB' 



^ ^ 



- 5<^ IC 



^ ^dr 



V - - 5^ 30' - - 



J* 



<' ^ 



5-- 

 ^ _ 



V 



^ „ 10^'' 52' - - - 



X 



- - 7° 56' - ' - - > 



S. 33^= IC W 



Mag. 



j-'Toen 



and let your bearing refer to one of the objects b 

 which you have measured angles. Always write under 

 the sketch at the time the nome of the place, and espe 



ciallv the native name if you 



Ji^A 



possibly learn it, and 



the date ; and if you intend any of the objects for lead- 

 ing marks place an arrow at the head of a perpendicular 

 line above and below the objects ; thus 



>S 





""TfTiite. 



'n^ 



-iiiS;?'^""' 





'""^"'^'^^>^^c- 





sN-** 



--.* ^ 



_ ■•-> ^^v^i^ \->:A\^^^ 



Li.'lifho«se in one with East Teak of Mount Auckland, clears reefs in 4 fathoms, and 

 " kept open (S. by E. ), leads through tlie passage, mid channel. 



12. Besides marks which are apparent to the eye, the 

 depth of the water and the natm^c of tlie bottom are all 

 important, and in all descriptions of a coast as well as in 



directions for approaching it, these are to be carefully 



attended to. State as nearly as possible the distances at 

 which certain zones of soundings extend from the shore- 

 and from what part ; whether the bottom shelves gra- 

 dually or abruptly, whether the coast may be boldly 

 approached, or more than ordinary caution be necessary ; 

 and whether any peculiarity of the bottom may assist i 

 determining a ship^s position or distance from the coast 

 at night, or in thick weather= Always give your depth 

 reduced to low-water spring-tides if possible,'^ and 

 always give the least water upon a reef or shoal ; and if it 



* See page 81, Art 24, 



ii 





■ -.--T«^.--<-^v« - -'I^ 



