20 BULLETIN 962, U. S. DEPABTMEITT OF AGRICULTURE. 



The cost for making and packing 1 dozen glasses of jelly has been 

 estimated, as follows : 



Labor, power, depreciation $0. 10 



Glasses and labels . 25 



Pomace (cost of drying) . .03 



Sugar (at 12 cents a pound) .53 



Boxes .15 



Overhead . 10 



Total : 1. 16 



Since the skins from 1,000 tons of grapes produce 75,000 dozen 

 glasses of jelly, the total cost for making and packing this quantity 

 of jelly would be $87,000. 



Inasmuch as this investigation is concerned with utilizing a mate- 

 rial which has heretofore been discarded as waste, it follows that 

 the same plant, management, and selling force which handles the 

 main line (grape- juice) could take over the jelly manufacture with 

 comparatively little extra expense for overhead charges. Conse- 

 quently, this item is low. Approved accounting would, of course, de- 

 mand that this product assume its share of the general manufactur- 

 ing expense. But since such cost distribution would result in a 

 greater profit from the grape- juice end and would thus be certain to 

 appear on the books sooner or later, it is, for the sake of ready com- 

 parison, credited to the utilization of the waste. 



An oil-extraction plant which could handle 25 tons of seed in a 

 24-hour day would cost approximately $25,000, not including the 

 building. The total charge against this would be about $10 a ton, 

 including the charges for depreciation, labor, power, and manage- 

 ment. Only about 33 days would be consumed in working up this 

 seed ; hence, it would be necessary to work up other products during 

 the remainder of the year in order to have these prices obtain. If 

 the seed were extracted in a larger plant which was engaged at 

 times in the extraction of other material, the cost would be con- 

 siderably reduced. The cost to expel the oil would be about $13 a 

 ton, figured on the same tonnage as the above. 



GROSS RETURNS AND NET PROFITS FROM THE UNDERTAKING. 



In order to show approximately the gross returns and net profits 

 which may be expected from the manufacture of grape waste into 

 commercial products, Table III has been compiled. 



From these figures two totals are obtained, depending upon the 

 method used for extracting the oil from the seeds. Solvent extrac- 

 tion produces oil and meal, whereas extraction by pressure produces 

 oil, oil cake, and tannin extract. From the solvent method the total 

 gross returns are $2,559,138 and from the pressure method $2,557,005. 



