COST OF PRODUCING SUGAR BEETS IN UTAH AND IDAHO. 



31 



The usual crew size was one man and three horses, but Garland 

 growers utilized a crew consisting of one man and four horses. 

 Average ''times over" ranged from 3.2 for Garland to 3.8 for Idaho 

 Falls. 



The spring-tooth harrow was used much less in all of these areas 

 than the spike-tooth. The most common crew sizes were essentially 

 the same as for the spike-tooth. 



Beet growers roll prior to planting for the purpose of creating a 

 smooth, even surface for the drill. To get straight rows the driver 

 must see the trail which has been left by the marker, and this line 



Fio. 7. — A float used on sandy soil for the purpose of breaking clods and creatinj; a level surface ahead of 

 the drill. Here the crew consists of one man and two horses, whereas the usual crew includes one man 

 and three horses. 



can be distinguished most readily on a newly rolled field. Further- 

 more, a firm and smooth seed bed is essential for planting at an even 

 depth. Under certain conditions the roller may be operated for the 

 purpose of breaking down a cloddy surface, or it may be utilized to 

 break a crust after rain when the young plants are pushing through 

 the surface. This operation is kno\vn as '' rolling beets." Rolling the 

 land before cultivation, especially before the blocking and thinning 

 are done, facilitates the latter operation, and undoubtedly aids in 

 removing many small obstructions, such as soil lumps, that may inter- 

 fere with handwork. Rolling after thinning and before the next 

 cultivation is sometimes done to prevent the covering of small beets 



