12 



BULLETIN 972, V. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



the premium receipts of the insurance companies. The cost for 

 upkeep and repairs was obtained by keeping an actual record of 

 expenditures during the year. The footing of the first column of 

 Table 8 shows that the total of the costs against buildings amounted 

 to 13.8 per cent of the capital invested in buildings, and the other 

 totals show corresponding percentage relationships. 



Table 8. — Per cent relationship between "other costs" and capital invested. 



Item. 



Capital invested 



Capital invested per cow 



Interest 



Depreciation 



Taxes 



Insurance 



Upkeep and repairs 



Milking-machine repairs. 



Buildings. 



S421,127.96 

 85.16 



Per ceTtt. 



6.0 



3.4 



.7 



.4 



3.3 



Total. 



Equip- 

 ment. 



$9, 805. 62 

 19.82 



Per cent. 

 5.9 

 1.5.2 



Herd. 



$66, .501. 50 

 134. 43 



Per cent. 



5.9 



3.6 



.6 



.3 



10.4 



Total. 



S118, 435. 08 

 239. 41 



Par cent. 



EQUIPMENT. 



A monthly record of repairs and renewals of equipment was made. 

 The amounts spent for dairy supplies were also recorded month by 

 month and amounted to SI. 12 per cow per year. 



The cows had an average inventory value of $134.43. Purebred 

 cows were inventoried at fair prices for grade animals of similar 

 producing ability, and the calves dropped by the purebred cows 

 were inventoried at corresponding grade values. Inventories were 

 taken at the beginning and end of each year. The value of cows 

 which entered the herd during the year was added to the first inven- 

 tory, and the receipts for cows or hides sold during the year were 

 added to the second inventory before determining the depreciation 

 or increase in value of the herd for the year. 



The feed, labor, and ''other costs" of keeping the herd sires were 

 kept separate, so they would be available for study. Interest was 

 charged at 6 per cent, the prevailing rate in the section. Records 

 were kept of the actual amounts of money spent during the year for 

 veterinary services, medicines, and disinfectants. These expend- 

 itures amounted to 60 cents per cow per year. 



PERCENTAGE COMPARISON OF FACTORS INVOLVED IN MILK PRODUC- 

 TION. 



How much more did it cost to produce milk in winter than in 

 summer? What caused the variation in cost? Did the credit for 

 calves and manure and the debit for ''other costs" balance each 

 other? Table 9 answers these questions. 



