14 



BULLETIN 972, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



advance to 13.85 in the cost of production with only a small quantity 

 of milk, 6.5 per cent, produced. If the price of milk is based on the 

 cost of production, one should ask whether 6.5 per cent more milk is 

 worth an increase of 34 cents ($3.85 minus $3.51) per 100 pounds. 

 In this range of costs one logical location for the bulk line is at $3.51 

 since this figure includes 86.7 per cent of the total quantity of milk 

 produced. It is not logical to locate the bulk line at $3.85, since 

 there is an increase of 34 cents in cost and only 6.5 per cent addi- 

 tional milk supplied. When all the present supply is needed, the 

 supply will be maintained if the price for milk is sufficiently above 

 the bulk-line cost to encourage increased production by the low- 

 cost producers. 



Table lO.^Net cost, quantity, and percentage of milk produced by each herd during two 



winters and two summers. 



Winter, 1917-18. 



Winter, 1919-20. 







Milk produced. 







Milk produced. 





Cost per 



100 

 pounds. 









Herd 



No. 



Cost per 



100 

 pounds. 







Herd 



No. 



Quantity. 



Proportion 

 of total. 



Cumula- 

 tive pro- 



Quantity. 



Proportion 

 of total. 



Cumula- 

 tive pro- 











portion. 











portion. 







Pounds. 



Per cent. 



Per cent. 







Pounds. 



Per cent. 



Per cent. 



423 



$2.01 



10, 490 



1.2 



1.2 



433 



12.21 



40, .301 



6.4 



6.4 



402 



2.02 



187, 691 



22.5 



23.7 



426 



2.27 



35, 839 



5.7 



12.1 



417 



2.08 



64, 061 



7.6 



31.3 



425 



2.59 



15, 754 



2.5 



14.6 



421 



2.51 



26, 600 



3.2 



34.5 



431 



2.60 



37,052 



5.9 



20.5 



420 



2.62 



30,424 



3.6 



38.1 



417 



2.69 



57, 972 



9.3 



29.8 





12.73 

 2.79 









432 



427 



2.70 

 2.78 



35, 891 

 41, 388 



5.7 

 6.6 



35.5 



'lis' 



44,' 843' 



5.'4' 



43.' .5' 



42.1 



410 



2.85 



59,013 



7.0 



50.5 



420 



3.04 



33, 790 



5.4 



47.5 





2 2.86 

 2.88 









434 

 403 



3.10 

 3.15 



65, 751 

 18,913 



10.5 

 3.0 



58.0 



"404" 



19,' 201 ' 



2.3 



52.'8' 



61.0 



403 



2.94 

 2.98 



14, 181 



72, 048 



1.7 

 8.6 



54.5 

 63.1 



"'404' 



2 3. 18 

 3.21 









408 



9,'i8i' 



i.'5' 



62.'5 



418 



3.01 



30, 814 



3.7 



66.8 



428 



3.41 



36, 639 



5.9 



68.4 



409 



3.07 



26, 004 



3.1 



69.9 



429 



3.45 



87, 840 



14.1 



82.5 



416 



3.19 

 3.26 



27, 425 

 23,658 



3.3 



2.8 



73.2 

 76.0 



"'409' 



13.47 

 3.51 









407 



25,' 990' 



4.'2' 



86.'7 



411 



3.41 



22, 706 



2.7 



78.7 



416 



3. 85 



40, 428 



6.5 



93.2 



406 



3.58 



33,617 



4.0 



82.7 



405 



4.39 



19, 083 



3.1 



96.3 



413 



3.64 



27, 045 



3.2 



85.9 



410 



6.96 



23, 362 



3.7 



100.0 



412 



3.78 



49,084 



5.9 



91.8 













405 



4.12 



23, 741 



2.8 



94.6 













419 



4.28 



32, 655 



3.9 



98.5 













422 



4.62 



9,937 



1.5 



100.0 

















Summer, 



1918. 









Summer, 1920. 





423 



SI. 15 



29, 663 



4.1 



4.1 



427 



11.62 



48, 401 



6.9 



6.9 



403 



1.50 



37,931 



5.2 



9.3 



429 



1.76 



75, 467 



10.8 



17.7 



421 



1.80 



35,688 



4.9 



14.2 



404 



1.77 



27,932 



4.0 



21.7 



416 



2.13 



40,062 



5.5 



19.7 



425 



1.80 



37, 494 



5.4 



27.1 



410 



2.24 



40,671 



5.6 



25.3 



416 



1.83 



55,053 



7.9 



35.0 



415 



2.26 



32,944 



4.6 



29.9 



420 



1.91 



40,468 



5.8 



40.8 



408 



2.41 



72, 138 



10.0 



39.9 



434 



2.20 



87, 176 



12.5 



53.3 



407 



2.43 



30, 531 



4.2 



44.1 



403 



2.26 



26,907 



3.9 



57.2 



404 



2.45 



12.59 



2.66 



21,366 



3.0 



47.1 



"'426' 

 417 



2 2.38 

 2.47 

 2.69 











29,' 098' 



56,058 



4.'2' 



8.0 



6i.4 



"469' 



22,' 520' 



3.'i' 



56.'2' 



69.4 





2 2.74 



2.88 











12.70 

 2.80 









' '406' 



26,' 539' 



3.'7' 



53.'9' 



"'433' 



45,' 657' 



6.'4' 



75.'8 



411 



2.90 



19, 335 



2.7 



56.6 



409 



2.90 



29, 688 



4.3 



80.1 



417 



3.02 



49, 170 



6.8 



63.4 



432 



2.95 



28, 937 



4.1 



84.2 



402 



3.18 



59, 736 



8.3 



71.7 



431 



3.26 



24,335 



3.5 



87.7 



422 



3.35 



12, 975 



1.8 



73.5 



410 



3.38 



25,568 



3.7 



91.4 



412 



3.36 



59,565 



8.2 



81.7 



428 



3.52 



40,744 



5.8 



97.2 



420 



3.37 



26, 434 



3.7 



85.4 



405 



3.95 



19, 814 



2.8 



100.0 



418 



3.50 



30, 042 



4.2 



89.6 













419 



3.78 



33, 636 



4.7 



94 3 













413 



4.18 



18, 509 



2.6 



93.9 













405 



4.35 



22,456 



3.1 



100.0 













1 Average income from milk:. 



2 Average cost. 



