42 



BTJULETTiq- &'73, U. S. DEPARTMElvrT OF AGRICULTIJEE. 



to the poor cans that were used. It can not be expected that dented 

 and battered cans will hold the full amount. One shipment of 6 

 full cans supposed to hold 30 gallons held only 28J gallons as shown 

 by the weigh can. These cans were old and were badly dented and 

 battered. 



In justice to the producer at plants where milk is weighed, the 

 scales used should be tested from time to time for accuracy, and the 

 milk should be well drained from the cans into the weigh can. 



DISPOSAL OF SURPLUS MILK. 



Although in many cities systems of paying for milk have been 

 worked out whereby the prices paid have a tendency to induce 

 farmers to adjust their production more nearly to the city demands 

 for market milk and reduce the surplus received, the surplus problem 

 is neverthless an important one for the milk-plant manager. 



The greatest amount of surplus milk is received in most cities in 

 the spring and early summer months. As illustrated in Table 14, 

 unusually large quantities of milk were received in Boston, Phila- 

 delphia, and Pittsburgh from May to September, and the greatest 

 surplus occurred in the months of May, June, and July; while in the 

 case of Detroit, where there is a considerable demand for milk in the 

 summer, the greatest surplus occurred during February, March, 

 and April. 



Table 14. — Monthly receipts and sales of market milk at cities named, during 1918, 

 expressed as percentages of average receipts and sales. 



(Tabulation of figures received from some of the largest dealers in each city.) 





Boston. 



Philadelphia. 



Pittsburgh. 



Detroit. 





•sa. 



S o S 



Sales. 



H 



"Ift 



So£ 



Sales. 



II 



ftH 

 .9S . 

 «-? 



So 2 



Sales. 



^■3 



il 



.as, . 



a> o ui 



Sales. 



Month. 



£ 

 ® p, 



So 

 ft 



a 



^5 

 ■sg 



t- MS 

 » cS " 



S 



g ft 

 ft 



5 



°a . 



a " w 



O) ea " 



a 



M 



k 



g.2< 



ft 

 a 



§5 



"Sg 



a tori 

 » C3 "^ 



d 

 1— ( 



6 

 u 



"S " 



ft 

 a 



M 



o 3 



0) 0) 



a> o3 " 

 i-i 



January 



P.et. 



77.1 

 73.6 

 89.8 

 98.2 

 128.2 

 148.6 

 128.7 

 108.5 

 96.4 

 90.5 

 76.3 

 84.1 



P. ct. 



76.8 

 76.5 

 71.3 

 62.0 

 51.5 

 39.0 

 51.9 

 71.0 

 71.9 

 79.5 

 75.8 

 72.3 



P.ct. 

 92.5 

 87.9 

 100.0 

 95.0 

 103.2 

 90.6 

 104.4 

 120.3 

 108.3 

 112.5 

 90.4 

 94.9 



p.ct. 

 79.1 



78.6 

 88.7 

 90.6 

 118.1 

 126.7 

 112.8 

 1C9.8 

 102.7 

 102.6 

 94.6 

 95.7 



p. a. 



85.2 

 87.4 

 79.7 

 80.7 

 70.1 

 66.2 

 82.3 

 87.0 

 83.9 

 96.1 

 93.0 

 91.2 



p.ct. 



81.3 



83.0 



85.3 



88.3 



99.8 



100.7 



112.0 



115.2 



104.0 



119.0 



106.1 



105. 3 



P.ct. 



38.7 



39.5 



51.3 



107.0 



160.6 



158.0 



141.7 



121.8 



107.7 



97.6 



81.9 



94.2 



P.ct. 

 81.9 

 72.8 

 64.7 

 43.7 

 28.3 

 26.7 

 32.8 

 41.5 

 41.5 

 54.9 

 63.2 

 52.4 



P.ct. 

 72.5 

 65.7 

 75.9 

 107. 

 103.9 

 .96.6 

 106.6 

 115.7 

 102.2 

 122.6 

 118.5 

 112.8 



p.ct. 

 97.7 

 95.7 

 106.9 

 105.1 

 104.3 

 102.3 

 96.8 

 ■99.8 

 91.4 

 101.7 

 93.7 

 104.6 



P.ct. 



92.8 

 63.6 

 66.2 

 68.6 

 82.8 

 87.1 

 95.1 

 95.3 

 94.1 

 89.8 

 93.3 

 85.9 



P.ct. 



77.2 



February 



74.3 



March 



April 



86.5 

 88.3 



May 



102.9 



June 



108.7 



July 



112.5 





116.1 



September 



105.3 



October 



111.6 





107.0 



December 



109.6 











64.0 







82.9 







2 43.7 







81.8 























1 The per cent of surplus can be determined by subtracting from 100. 



2 A large quantity of milk was condensed here. 



Each milk-plant operator must determine for himself how to dis- 

 pose of a surplus to best advantage in his particular locality. Market 

 demands and prices are of course the important factors in determining 



