viii, a, 4 Smith: Fossil Invertebrate Fauna 249 



gators of Philippine coal deposits will find this form most useful 

 for purposes of correlation. 



The following stratigraphic column from Verbeek and Fen- 

 nema 19 can be seen at a glance to duplicate the Philippine 

 sequence of formations in many items almost exactly. 



Stratigraphy of Java. 



(Beginning at the bottom.) 



I. Argillaceous schists, quartzites with quartz veins, without petrifac- 

 tion (schists of the Carimuon diawa) Age ? 



II. Schists with serpentine, mica, chlorite, and argillaceous material, 

 quartzites, some calcareous beds and interposed sills of eruptive 

 rocks, diabase, gabbro, quartz porphyry. — _ Cretaceous. 



III. Gray quartzose argillites with beds of coals, breccias of diabase, 



quartz, etc., conglomerates of quartz and granite, marls with alveo- 

 lines and limestone with nummulites Lower Tertiary or Eocene. 



IV. Eruptive rocks in the preceding stage, the oldest andesites, with 



the characters of diorites and diabase Lower Tertiary, Eocene. 



V. Terrane of Nanggoulan Oligocene. 



VI. Eruptive rocks at the base of the Miocene. 



VII. The Lower stage of the Upper Tertiary, called the "Breccia Stage," 

 composed of breccia of eruptive Tertiary rocks with grits, shales, 



with some marl and beds of limestone Lower Miocene. 



VIII. Eruptive rocks of the preceding stage Lower Miocene. 



IX. The middle stage for the Upper Tertiary, called the "Marly Stage," 

 containing much marl and marly sandstones, but less of sandstone 

 and shales; some calcareous beds. Middle Miocene with the upper- 

 most beds in part Pliocene. 



X. Eruptive rocks of the preceding stage Middle and upper Miocene. 



XL The most recent stage of the Upper Tertiary called the "Calcareous 

 Stage;" much limestone and marly limestones alternating with 



marl - Upper Miocene and Pliocene. 



XII. Recent volcanic rocks; volcanoes. Miocene, Pliocene, Quaternary, 

 and Recent. 



XIII. Old post-Tertiary sediments with some fossil mammals.... Quaternary. 



XIV. Recent post-Tertiary sediments Recent. 



If we examine each of these formations in turn, we can see 

 considerable similarity to the formations of the Philippines. 



No. I can be duplicated almost exactly in various parts of 

 northern and southern Mindanao, at Placer in Misamis, and on 

 the Zamboanga Peninsula. 



No. II can be duplicated on Palawan Island. However, 

 I am loath to believe that these rocks are Mesozoic without more 

 evidence. 



No. Ill is exactly what we find on Batan and Cebu Islands. 



No. IV we have in Benguet, Cebu, and in various other parts of 



"Verbeek, R. D. M., and Fennema, R., Description Geologique de Java 

 et Madoura. Amsterdam (1896), 38. 



