viii, a, 4 Smith: Fossil Invertebrate Fauna 281 



THALLOPHYTA 



CORALLINACE^E 



LITHOTHAMNIUM Philippi 



The thallus of Lithothamnium grows attached to the face of 

 a rock or other foundation, and forms a hard, stony mass, assum- 

 ing various coralline shapes. The exposed face may have the 

 form of numerous short branches, or an irregular warty surface. 

 In section the lower part of the thallus is seen to be made up 

 of rows of cells radiating from a central point, and the upper 

 portion consists of vertical and horizontal rows of cells, the whole 

 body is divided up into a large number of small cells by anticlinal 

 and periclinal walls, and possesses an evident cellular, as distinct 

 from a tubular, structure. Conceptacles containing reproductive 

 organs are either sunk in the thallus or project above the surface. 

 (Seward.) 



Lithothamnium ramosissimum Reuss. Plate XI, fig. 2. 



Nat. Abhandl. Haidinger (1848), 2, pt. 1, 29, PI. Ill, figs. 10 and 11; 

 Journ. Coll. Sci., Imp. Univ. Tokyo (1902), 17, art. 6, PI. I, fig. 8. 



The photomicrograph is from a thin section of the same lime- 

 stone as that shown in fig. 1. 



This form is widespread in the Miocene limestones in all 

 parts of the Philippines as well as in adjacent islands outside 

 the Archipelago. It is a typical "leit-fossil" or zone fossil 

 characteristic of the middle limestone of the upper part of the 

 Lower Miocene. 



Locality : Lantauan Ridge, near Danao, Cebu, No. 286. 



Formation: Limestone. 



RHIZOPODA 

 RADIOLARIA 



CENOSPH-ffiRA Ehrenburg 



The test is a simple sphere without radial spines. The 

 rounded outlines of forms of this genus are very common in 

 all the radiolarian rocks of Borneo, but in most all traces of 

 the structure of the test have disappeared. (Hinde. 2e ) 



28 Reprint from Molengraaff's Borneo. Leiden (1899), 10. 



