360 



The Philippine Journal of Science 



1913 



A number of other samples said to represent Tayabas petro- 

 leum have been submitted to the Bureau of Science. One sam- 

 ple with the characteristic appearance of the Tayabas product, 

 collected by Mr. E. J. Cooke, shows a specific gravity as low 

 as 0.805. This sample probably came from the well on Malipa 

 Creek. 



Tayabas petroleum is of lower specific gravity than other 

 known Philippine oils, and the fraction distilled below 150° 

 C. is large enough to make the petroleum remarkable, although 

 by no means unprecedented among natural products. By com- 

 position, Tayabas petroleum is more nearly related to some of 

 the Sumatra oils than to those encountered in Cebu or Borneo. 

 The lighter and most valuable grade of Japanese petroleum, 

 that which is encountered in the lower productive horizons, is 

 similar in character to Tayabas petroleum. 



In studying sample 4, from Bahay well 1, Richmond found that 

 30 per cent of the crude oil, 16 per cent of the gasoline fraction, 

 and 24 per cent of the kerosene fraction consisted of unsaturated 

 hydrocarbons. Upon fractional distillation, the unsaturated 

 hydrocarbons extracted from the crude oil began to boil at 130° 

 C, and 7.5 per cent remained undistilled at a temperature of 

 300° C. The derivatives from the fractions showed a homolo- 

 gous series of aromatic hydrocarbons beginning with xylene 

 (C 8 H 10 ). Benzene, tuolene, nor any of the naphthalene series 

 were found in them. 



Mr. E. R. Dovey of the Bureau of Science examined sample 

 3 for optical activity. His results appear in Table XVI. 



Table XVI. — Optical properties of Tayabas petroleum. Sample No. 3. • 





Specific 

 gravity 

 at29°C. 



Refractive 



index at 



29° C. 



Optical ro- 

 tation 29° C. 

 (200-milli- 

 meter) . 



Crude petroleum -. 



Gasoline fraction . 



Kerosene fraction 



0. 8323 

 .7692 

 .8333 



1.4639 

 1. 4263 

 1. 4670 



Degrees. 



—0.55 

 - .11 



ORIGIN AND PROBABLE QUANTITY OF THE PETROLEUM 



Before discussing the particular features of this field having 

 to do with the question of the origin of petroleum a few words 

 should be devoted to the subject in general. 



At present there are two sharply divided schools, in one of 

 which the majority of geologists are to be found maintaining 



