QUARTZYTES AND SANDSTONES. 51 



one derrick at the north-west end of the quarry. The output is 

 mainly paving blocks. Some curb-stone, gutter-stone and crosswalk 

 stone are taken out. As there is little local demand for building 

 stone the lower, heavy beds, which are adapted for building, are not 

 worked. This stone is not considered quite as hard as that of the 

 Potsdam quarries, but this difference may be due to the fact that in 

 this quarry the upper beds only are worked, whereas at Potsdam 

 the quarry beds are deep, covered by earth and thin-bedded rock. 

 The Parmeter quarry was opened twelve years ago. 



The quarry of W. H. Stanley is in the town of Hammond, and is 

 situated on the east side of the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg 

 railroad convenient to transportation. The dip of the strata at this 

 quarry is a few degrees eastward. The product is mainly paving 

 blocks and some flagging-stone. The location is very similar to that 

 of the Parmeter quarry. 



The Hammond quarries are at present worked almost exclusively 

 for street paving material. The product is shipped to western cities. 

 The lower and heavier beds, which are adapted to building stone, are 

 left unopened on account of the want of a local market and the more 

 profitable business in making blocks. A large force of men is em- 

 ployed, andjjj the aggregate output is large. The geological forma- 

 tion is Potsdam sandstone. 



Clayton, Jeffekson County. — The Potsdom sandstone crops 

 out in the village of Clayton, and is generally covered by a thin 

 layer of earth. The stone, which is got out in excavating for foun- 

 dations, is used in building. It is gray, fine-grained and quite hard 

 and suited for common wall work only. There is a small quarry 

 near the dock on the water's edge, but it is worked in a small way. 



tSandstone of thesHudson River Group. 



Highland, Ulster County. — The quarry of A. S. Clearwater is 

 on the bank of the Hudson river, two miles north of High- 

 land station, on the west side of the West Shore railroad track. 

 The strata dip at an angle of 20° east-north-east, and the rock is 

 very regularly bedded. The beds are thick, up to five to seven 

 feet, and one is 11 feet thick. Well-marked, vertical joints divide 

 the rock, running in a north-westerly and south-easterly direction, 

 and a second system runs north-east and south-west. The stone is 



