18 Report on Building Stone of New York. 



little shale are marks of this horizon. And the stone is generally 

 fine-grained. The line of division between the Hamilton and the 

 Portage cannot here be indicated geographically, and the quarries 

 are placed in one subdivision under the heading as above. The out- 

 crops have been, in general, indicated as running through the Hud- 

 son valley east of the Catskills, and turning west, in a broadening 

 belt south of the Mohawk valley and through the central plateau 

 region and the western part of the State to Lake Erie. 



The number of quarries in this belt of Hamilton-Portage is large. 

 The greater part of all the Hudson river flagging comes from it. 

 And there are hundreds of quarries opened in Sullivan, Orange, 

 Ulster, Greene and Albany counties. The Guilford and Oxford 

 quarries are in it. In the lake region, the Atwater, Ithaca, Tru- 

 mansburgh, Watkins Glen, Penn Yan and the Ontario county quarries 

 are all probably in it. Going west, the Portage and Warsaw quarries 

 belong in the Portage horizon. 



Chemung Sandstone. 

 The Chemung rocks also are shales and sandstones principally, but 

 the proportion of shaly sandstone appears to be greater than in 

 the Portage ; and they are more commonly thin-bedded, and on the 

 weathered surfaces or outcrops are olive to brown shades of color. 

 On account of this prevalence of the shaly and inferior sandstones 

 there is less building stone obtained from this formation, excepting 

 the common grades, which are quarried largely to meet local de- 

 mands and supply the towns in the territory on the outcrop. The 

 Chemung rocks occupy the southern tier of counties from Lake Erie 

 eastward to the Susquehanna. Good building stone is obtained from 

 this formation at Elmira and Corning. The Steuben county quarries 

 are in it. There are small quarries in Allegany county also in it. 

 Jamestown gets its stone in part from it. And small quarries have 

 been opened in Chautauqua county at other points which are referred 

 here. The Olean quarry in Cattaraugus may be Chemung. 



Catskill Sandstone. 

 The Catskill group is developed in a great thickness of sandstones, 

 grits and siliceous conglomerates in the Catskill mountain region, in 

 Sullivan, Delaware, Broome, Otsego, Schoharie and Greene and 

 Ulster counties. Much of the sandstone is coarse-grained and hard to 

 dress; and oblique lamination and cross-bedding also are common, 

 which make it work badly. Excepting for flagging, little of the 



