110 Report on Building Stone of New York. 



This section shows the thickness of the several strata and their 

 alternations and succession. The chief varieties are blue and gray 

 stone. All of it is hard, but it dresses well and splits true. The 

 gray limestone is sub-crystalline. Some of the bottom, sand beds are 

 a little calcareous, and they weather brownish-colored on surface. 

 There are four derricks in the quarry, and steam power is used to 

 work a steam drill and gadding machines. The stone are carted to 

 railroads and canal. The quarry is at least 60 feet above the canal. 

 The stone is used for engine beds, monumental bases, sewer blocks, 

 house trimmings and canal lock construction. Stone from this quarry 

 has been put into all of the churches in Fort Plain and Canajoharie, 

 and in large mill buildings in Utica. Some of it was used in the 

 Brooklyn bridge foundation. It was opened in 1852. 



Samuel Morell's quarry is in the eastern part of the town, and 

 40 rods south of the West Shore railroad. It was opened first 

 in 1883. and reopened in 1885. The covering on the rock con- 

 sists of soil only. The upper beds are mostly thin, from four inches 

 thick upwards, and a blue limestone ; and at about 14 feet down there 

 is a 20-inch bed. Then comes a bed five feet thick, of blue lime- 

 stone. The following vertical section gives the succession of the 

 strata : 



1. Soil covering the rock. 



2. Blue limestone, in beds from 4 inches to 



20 inches thick (at bottom) 14 feet. 



3. Blue limestone 5 feet. 



4. " Sand course," siliceous limestone 2 feet 2 inches. 



5. Limestone 1 foot 6 inches. 



6. Limestone _ _ 1 foot 6 inches. 



7. Limestone _ 1 foot 8 inches. 



8. Gray limestone at bottom. 



The dip is to the south-west and at an angle of about 5°. Well- 

 marked joints, vertical, run east to west and north to south, and at 

 distances apart so as to form blocks of good size for heavy work. 

 The working face of the quarry is toward the west and the quarry- 

 ing moves eastward and to north-east, or up the plane of dip. There 

 is little water, excepting at the bottom. Two derricks, worked by 

 horse power, are in use. Little powder is needed in blasting. The 

 stone dresses well and it is now used largely in face blocks, for the 

 Erie canal locks, three miles east of Canajoharie. This quarry is 

 worked in the winter whenever the demand calls for stone. The 



