Limestones. 113 



lies upon the rock, which at the top is thin-bedded and highly fossil- 

 iferous. This thin-bedded stone is thrown out on the dump as waste. 

 The beds which are quarried, are from four inches to three feet thick, 

 and consist of the Birdseye limestone. They are nearly horizon- 

 tal. The joints run regularly in a north and south direction, and 

 east and west, and vertically. The total thickness of the quarry beds 

 is 18 feet. From the bottom of the quarry the limestone has been 

 found to run down 10 feet to a sandstone. The stone is largely sold 

 for curbing, and some for flagging, and a little for common wall 

 work. The top rock is either given away for walls or is sold at rate 

 of one dollar a ton in the town. There is little water excepting at 

 the bottom, and no pumping is necessary. 



Newport, Herkimer County.* — There are three quarries in the 

 limestone worked in this town. They are owned by Waldo Sherman, 

 Wm. Reynolds and John O'Connor. All have been opened within 

 three years. They are from one to one and a half miles from railroad. 



Holland Patent, Oneida County. — Martin Olin and J. G. Hill- 

 edge have quarries in the Trenton limestone formation at this place. 



Prospect, Oneida County. — There are four quarries opened and 

 worked on the West Canada Creek, between Prospect and Trenton 

 Falls. 



The first quarry south of Prospect is that of Evan S. Thomas, on 

 the right bank or Oneida county side of the stream. The rock is 

 covered by soil and subsoil only. The strata are nearly horizontal, 

 and range from 4 to 16 inches in thickness. Seams, or joints, traverse 

 the rock in a nearly north to south course. The quarry beds have a 

 total thickness of 20 feet. The bottom of the quarry is perhaps 50 

 feet above the creek, and the drainage is that way ; and the waste and 

 stripping are thrown off the edge of the bluff into the gorge. The 

 stone is gray, sub-crystalline, and is rather easily dressed. The output 

 is carted to the R. W. & O. railroad station, one and a half miles 

 away and shipped to Utica, Rome and other points. Stone are 

 in the U. S. Government building at Utica ; R. C. church buildings 

 at Little Falls and Sandy Hill ; M. E. church at Herkimer, and in 

 several church buildings at Norwich. The quarry was opened in 

 1852. 



* The locality was not visited. 



